Objective: To examine response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) among a sample of treatment-experienced patients in the late stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in residential health care facilities (RHCFs) in New York City facilities designated for HIV/AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) when access and adherence are maximized.
Methods: Medical record review of 111 patients.
Results: Demographics were mean age 42 years; 58% male; 60% African-American; 31% Hispanic; 57% injection drug users (IDUs); 23% with history of dementia; 52% hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody seropositive; 80% on HAART, of whom 18% had lipodystrophy. Of 88 patients on HAART, 52% had a decreased viral load (>1/2 log) versus 13% of 23 not on HAART (P<.05); a >1/2 log viral load increase was seen in 8% and 35%, respectively (P<.05). Those with viral load increase were more likely than those with stable/decreased viral load to be IDUs (71% vs. 64%) and to have HCV seropositivity (86% vs. 53%), even with similar initial CD4+ cell count, viral load, and follow-up time.
Conclusion: In a predominantly minority IDU population who are treatment experienced, 50% of the patients successfully responded to treatment with supervised therapy. The RHCFs in New York City provide a unique opportunity to examine further factors associated with response to HAART in an environment in which medication administration and adherence are maximized and monitored carefully.