Chest
Occupational and Environmental Lung DiseaseLongitudinal Changes in Bronchial Responsiveness Associated With Swine Confinement Dust Exposure
Section snippets
Study Population
In 1990, a questionnaire survey was administered to 1,504 pig farmers.14 To be able to study exposure-response relations, a study population was formed with sufficient contrast in respiratory morbidity, and therefore presumably also in exposure. In 1991, 200 randomly selected subjects from among the respondents with one or more chronic respiratory symptoms (chronic cough, chronic phlegm, shortness of breath, ever wheezing, frequent wheezing, chest tightness/asthma) and 199 randomly selected
Personal Characteristics
Mean age of the 171 farmers was 39.6 years at the start of the observation period (Table 1). Mean number of years worked in pig farming was 16.7. There were small differences in age (41.6 vs 37.6) and number of years worked as pig farmer (18.1 vs 15.4) between symptomatic and asymptomatic farmers at the start of the observation period. Five participants were no longer active as pig farmers in 1995; three of them stopped partly because of respiratory problems. Percentage of cigarette smokers was
Discussion
In this 3-year follow-up of 171 pig farmers, we found a sharp increase in bronchial responsiveness. Long-term average exposure to inhalable dust was associated with increases in bronchial responsiveness expressed as concentration steps for PC10. TWA exposure to ammonia, use of wood shavings as bedding, and automated dry feeding were associated with increases in responsiveness expressed as concentration steps for PC20.
Log-transformed exposure with base 2 was used in analysis. This means that the
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The authors thank Liesbeth Preller, Rudolf Gerrits, Martin van't Hof, Hans Verboom, Irma van de Heuvel, Gerrie Pletting, Ans Janssen, and the cohort members and the lung departments of the Maas and Elkerliek hospitals.
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A systematic review of the public health risks of bioaerosols from intensive farming
2018, International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental HealthCitation Excerpt :Six studies were experimental in design (Sahlander et al., 2010; Schiffman et al., 2005), and a further four studies were pre-post exposure, quasi-experimental in design (Bonlokke et al., 2012; Donham et al., 1989; Donham et al., 2000; Palmberg et al., 2004). Two studies were prospective cohorts (Vogelzang et al., 1998; Vogelzang et al., 2000), and one was a case-control study (Portengen et al., 2005). Study designs are summarised in Table 1.
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2013, Middleton's Allergy: Principles and Practice: Eighth EditionChronic exposure to ammonia induces oxidative stress and enhanced glycolysis in lung of piglets
2022, Environmental ToxicologyQuaternary ammonium compounds in hypersensitivity reactions
2022, Frontiers in ToxicologyOccupations and exposure events in acute and subacute irritant-induced asthma
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Supported by the Dutch prevention fund (grant No. 2821440) and the Netherlands Asthma Foundation (grant No. 94.42).