Original article
Is There an Association Between Maternal Pap Test Use and Adolescent Human Papillomavirus Vaccination?

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.05.015Get rights and content

Abstract

Purpose

To identify the association between mother's recent receipt of a Pap test and daughter's uptake and completion of the three-shot human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination series.

Methods

We used cross-sectional data from the 2008 to 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from 9 U.S. states and Puerto Rico and logistic regression models to examine the association between mother's receipt of a Pap test in the past 3 years and daughter's uptake and completion of the three-shot HPV vaccination series among adolescent girls aged 9–17 years (N = 4,776).

Results

Approximately one-quarter of adolescent girls began the HPV vaccination series, and 13.6% completed the three-shot series. Uptake and completion were more likely among girls whose mothers had obtained a Pap test within the past 3 years—for HPV uptake, odds ratio: 1.342, 95% confidence interval: 1.073–1.692; for HPV completion, odds ratio: 1.904; 95% confidence interval: 1.372–2.721—but the relationship between mother's recent Pap test and vaccine uptake was explained by the mother's use of a personal doctor and obtaining a routine physical examination in the past year.

Conclusions

HPV vaccination uptake and completion were more likely among adolescent girls whose mothers obtained a recent Pap test. Interventions designed to educate mothers on the importance of HPV vaccination and to facilitate relationships between physicians and mothers may prove successful at increasing HPV vaccination among adolescent girls.

Section snippets

Sample

This cross-sectional study used data from the 2008, 2009, and 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) [31]. The BRFSS is the world's largest monthly telephone health survey, tracking adult health behaviors, health care use, and health outcomes from all 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories since 1984. In 2008, questions about HPV vaccination for people aged ≤17 years were included as optional modules for states. One child from each sampled household was

Results

Descriptive statistics for the sample are presented in Table 2. Approximately one-quarter (26.6%) of the sample of 4,776 adolescent girls aged 9–17 years ever started the HPV vaccine, and only 13.6% completed the three-shot series. The overwhelming majority of mothers (90%) have received a Pap test in the past 3 years. It is important to note that because a large proportion of our sample came from Texas, our study sample overrepresents Hispanics. In addition, blacks are underrepresented in our

Discussion

Because parental consent is generally required to provide the HPV vaccine to adolescents, mothers play an essential role in facilitating vaccine uptake among their daughters. Further, because mothers shoulder the majority of responsibility for children's involvement in the health care system [23], [24], girls' completion of the three-shot series is highly contingent on mothers' desire, motivation, and ability to get their daughters to the necessary follow-up visits. Our finding that 27% of

Acknowledgments

The authors thank the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. S.F.W. receives research funding from the National Cancer Institute, K01CA155417-01A1. Everyone who has contributed to this study has been acknowledged herein. The authors do not have any potential, perceived, or real conflicts of interest. The National Cancer Institute had no role in any part of the study. The first author wrote the first draft of the manuscript. No

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