Archival ReportMeta-Analysis of Cytokines and Chemokines in Suicidality: Distinguishing Suicidal Versus Nonsuicidal Patients
Section snippets
Study Selection
Studies investigating cytokines and chemokines in suicide were systematically searched in MEDLINE (PubMed, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland), PsycINFO (via Ovid, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC), and Thomson Reuters (formerly ISI) Web of Knowledge (Science Citation Index and Social Sciences Citation Index, Thomson Reuters, Charlottesville, Virginia) in September 2014. The primary search strategy was
Results
As described in Figure 1, search procedures yielded 18 independent studies comprising 583 psychiatric patients with suicidality, 315 psychiatric patients without suicidality, and 845 healthy control subjects for inclusion in the meta-analysis. For cytokine levels in patients with psychiatric disorders with versus without suicidality, 10 studies measuring blood levels of the cytokines IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interferon (IFN)-γ, and C-reactive
Discussion
Our findings suggest that cytokine levels are abnormal in patients with suicidality, most robustly IL-1β and IL-6. Significant increases in in vivo blood levels of these two cytokines distinguished psychiatric patients with suicidality both from psychiatric patients without suicidality and from healthy control subjects. Additionally, both IL-1β and IL-6 were increased in postmortem brain samples of patients with completed suicide. In vitro IL-2 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Acknowledgments and Disclosures
This work was supported by Medical Scholars Program, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University (CB).
We thank Billy P. Houke for assistance with articles; Dr. Cecilie Bay-Richter, Dr. Lena Brundin, Dr. Shorena Janelidze, Dr. Jussi Jokinen, Dr. Manuella Kaster, Dr. Daniel Lindqvist, Dr. Ghanshyam Pandey, and Dr. Leonardo Tonelli for sharing summary data or clarifying information; and especially Dr. Peter Buckley for his input and insight.
In the past 3 years, BJM has received grant
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