Paper
Quasi-induced exposure: Methodology and insight

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Abstract

Even though the numerator in accident rates can be accurately determined nowadays, the denominator of these rates is an item of discussion and debate within the highway safety community. A critical examination of an induced exposure technique, based on the non-responsible driver/vehicle of a two-vehicle accident (quasiinduced exposure), is presented here. Differences in exposure for a series of accident location and time combinations are investigated, the assumption of similarities between drivers of single-vehicle accidents and the responsible driver of multiple-vehicle accidents is refuted, and the use of the non-responsible driver as a measure of exposure is tested using vehicle classification data. The results of the analyses reveal the following:

  • 1.

    (1)accident exposure is different for different location and time combinations;

  • 2.

    (2) induced exposure estimates provide an accurate reflection of exposure to multiple-vehicle accidents;

  • 3.

    (3) induced exposure estimates are acceptable surrogates for vehicle miles of travel when estimates are made for conditions during which the mix of road users is fairly constant; and

  • 4.

    (4) the propensity for involvement in single-vehicle accidents is generally different than that in multiple-vehicle accidents for a given class of road users.

We concluded that the quasiinduced exposure is a powerful technique for measuring relative exposure of drivers or vehicles when real exposure data are missing.

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