Unemployment stress: Loss of control, reactance and learned helplessness☆
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2021, Journal of Economic Behavior and OrganizationCitation Excerpt :The negative effects of unemployment for those directly affected by it are well-documented. Unemployment is not only associated with worse labor market outcomes (e.g. Couch and Placzek, 2010; Davis and Wachter, 2011), but also with a decline in physical and mental health (e.g. Eliason and Storrie, 2009; Gerdtham and Johannesson, 2003; Paul and Moser, 2009), chronic stress (Baum et al., 1986), lower life satisfaction (see Winkelmann (2014) for a review), and can even lead to suicide (Avdic and Chevalier, 2016; Millner et al., 2013). These negative economic and psychological effects can persist even after unemployed people return to work (e.g. Clark et al., 2001; Couch and Placzek, 2010; Winkelmann, 2014).1
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This research was facilitated by research grants from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (C07205) and the National Science Foundation (BNS8317997). The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private ones of the authors and are not to be construed as official or reflecting the views of the Department of Defense or the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences.