Skip to main content
Log in

Attempted suicide in youth: Its relationship to school achievement, educational goals, and socioeconomic status

  • Published:
Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Twenty-six suicide attempters, 9 to 18 years of age, were compared with 725 nonattempters on measures of school achievement, educational goals, socioeconomic status, and depression. As has been found in studies using clinical samples, suicide attempters in our communitybased sample had significantly lower school achievement than nonattempters. The relationship between attempted suicide and low school achievement seemed to be explained by the effects of depression. Lower-SES youth tended to be more likely to attempt suicide than higher-SES youths. However, SES appeared to have little effect on the relationship between attempted suicide and school achievement. Results also suggest that children of mothers with low educational goals for them may be more at risk for attempted suicide than youths whose mothers have higher educational goals for their children.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (1980).Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). Washington, D.C.: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barter, J. T., Swaback, D. O., & Todd, D. (1968). Adolescent suicide attempts: A follow-up study of hospitalized patients.Archives of General Psychiatry, 19, 523–527.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bille-Brahe, U., Hansen, W., Kolmos, L., & Wang, A. G. (1985). Attempted suicide in Denmark: I. Some basic social characteristics.Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 71, 217–226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, G. A., & Cantwell, D. P. (1982). Suicidal behavior and depression in children and adolescents.Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 21, 361–368.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen-Sandler, R., Berman, A. L., & King, R. A. (1982). Life stress and symptomatology: Determinants of suicidal behavior in children.Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 21, 178–186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drake, R. E., Gates, C., Cotton, P., & Whitaker, A. (1984). Suicide among schizophrenics: Who is at risk?Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 172, 613–617.

    Google Scholar 

  • Emery, P. E. (1983). Adolescent depression and suicide.Adolescence, 70, 245–258.

    Google Scholar 

  • Furman, E. (1984). Some difficulties in assessing depression and suicide in childhood. In H. S. Sudak, A. B. Ford, & N. B. Rushforth (Eds.),Suicide in the young (pp. 245–258). Boston: John Wright.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hawton, K. (1985).Suicide and attempted suicide among children and adolescents. Beverly Hills: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodgman, C. H. (1985). Recent findings in adolescent depression and suicide.Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 6, 162–170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollingshead, A. B., & Redlich, F. C. (1958).Social class and mental illness. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kandel, D. B., & Davies, M. (1982). Epidemiology of depressive mood in adolescents.Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 1205–1212.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazdin, A. E., French, N. H., Unis, A. S., Esveldt-Dawson, K., & Sherick, R. B. (1983). Hopelessness, depression, and suicidal intent among psychiatrically disturbed inpatient children.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51, 504–510.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kenny, T. J., Rohn, R., Sarles, R. M., Reynolds, B. J., & Heald, F. P. (1979). Visual-motor problems of adolescents who attempt suicide.Perceptual and Motor Skills, 48, 599–602.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kogan, L. S., Smith, J., & Jenkins, S. (1977). Ecological validity of indicator data as predictors of survey findings.Journal of Social Service Research, 1, 117–134.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kosky, R. (1983). Childhood suicidal behavior.Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 24, 457–468.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lefkowitz, M. M., & Tesiny, E. P. (1980). Assessment of childhood depression.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 48, 43–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, S. A., Gorsky, A., Cohen, P., & Hartmark, C. (1985). The reactions of youth to diagnostic interviews.Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 24, 750–755.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maris, R. (1985). The adolescent suicide problem.Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 15, 91–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marks, A. (1980). Socioeconomic status and suicide in the state of Washington: 1950–1971.Psychological Reports, 46, 924–926.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattsson, A., Seese, L. R., & Hawkins, J. W. (1969). Suicidal behavior as a child psychiatric emergency.Archives of General Psychiatry, 20, 100–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullins, L. L., Siegel, L. W., & Hodges, K. (1985). Cognitive problem-solving and life event correlates of depressive symptoms in children.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 13, 305–314.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfeffer, C. R. (1986).The suicidal child. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pfeffer, C. R., Zuckerman, S., Plutchik, R., & Mizruchi, M. S. (1984). Suicidal behavior in normal school children: A comparison with child psychiatric inpatients.Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 23, 416–423.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robbins, D. R., & Alessi, N. E. (1985). Depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior in adolescents.American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 588–592.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanborn, D. E., Sanborn, C. J., & Cimbolic, P. (1973). Two years of suicide: A study of adolescent development in New Hampshire.Child Psychiatry and Human Development, 3, 234–242.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shepherd, D. M., & Barraclough, B. M. (1980). Work and suicide: An empirical investigation.British Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 469–478.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stack, S. (1982). Suicide in Detroit 1975: Changes and continuities.Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 12, 67–83.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stanley, E. J., & Barter, J. T. (1970). Adolescent suicidal behavior.American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 40, 87–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sudak, H. S., Ford, A. B., & Rushforth, N. B. (1984). Adolescent suicide: An overview.American Journal of Psychotherapy, 38, 350–363.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toolan, J. M. (1981). Depression and suicide in children: An overview.American Journal of Psychotherapy, 35, 311–322.

    Google Scholar 

  • Topol, P., & Reznikoff, M. (19892). Perceived peer and family relationships, hopelessness and locus of control as factors in adolescent suicide attempts.Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 12, 141–150.

    Google Scholar 

  • United States Public Health Service. (1963).Vital statistics of the United States 1960. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

    Google Scholar 

  • United States Public Health Service. (1967).Vital statistics of the United States 1965. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

    Google Scholar 

  • United States Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics. (1974).Vital statistics of the United States 1970. Rockville, Maryland: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

    Google Scholar 

  • United States Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics. (1979).Vital statistics of the United States 1975. Hyattsville, Maryland: U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

    Google Scholar 

  • United States Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics. (1985).Vital statistics of the United States 1980. Hyattsville, Maryland: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • United States Public Health Service, National Center for Health Statistics. (1986).Vital statistics of the United States 1982. Hyattsville, Maryland: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vandivort, D. S., & Locke, B. Z. (1979). Suicide ideation: Its relation to depression, suicide and suicide attempt.Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 9, 205–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wells, V. E., Deykin, E. Y., & Klerman, G. L. (1985). Risk factors for depression in adolescence.Psychiatric Developments, 3, 83–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenz, F. V. (1979). Sociological correlates of alienation among adolescent suicide attempts.Adolescence, 14, 19–30.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This research was supported by the National Institute of Mental Health, Grant No. MH36971.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lewis, S.A., Johnson, J., Cohen, P. et al. Attempted suicide in youth: Its relationship to school achievement, educational goals, and socioeconomic status. J Abnorm Child Psychol 16, 459–471 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00914175

Download citation

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00914175

Keywords

Navigation