Maternal, birth and child characteristics for child development and school performance by infection requiring hospitalisation
| Cohort for development (N=276 454) | Cohort for education (N=644 291) | |||
| Not-hospitalised for infection (%) | Hospitalised for infection (%) | Not-hospitalised for infection (%) | Hospitalised for infection (%) | |
| Overall | 220 344 (79.7) | 56 110 (20.3) | 509 196 (79.0) | 135 095 (21.0) |
| Maternal age at birth (years) | ||||
| ≤19 | 6893 (3.1) | 2545 (4.5) | 16 573 (3.3) | 6531 (4.8) |
| 20–24 | 29 018 (13.2) | 8994 (16.0) | 68 302 (13.4) | 22 268 (16.5) |
| 25–29 | 60 218 (27.3) | 15 732 (28.0) | 139 787 (27.5) | 38 141 (28.2) |
| 30–34 | 74 014 (33.6) | 17 837 (31.8) | 170 812 (33.5) | 42 520 (31.5) |
| 35–39 | 41 303 (18.7) | 9109 (16.2) | 94 196 (18.5) | 21 412 (15.8) |
| 40+ | 8898 (4.0) | 1893 (3.4) | 19 526 (3.8) | 4223 (3.1) |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy | ||||
| No | 195 325 (88.6) | 47 964 (85.5) | 447 063 (87.8) | 114 012 (84.4) |
| Yes | 25 019 (11.4) | 8146 (14.5) | 62 133 (12.2) | 21 083 (15.6) |
| Gestational or maternal diabetes | ||||
| No | 207 276 (94.1) | 52 967 (94.4) | 483 084 (94.9) | 128 434 (95.1) |
| Yes | 13 068 (5.9) | 3143 (5.6) | 26 112 (5.1) | 6661 (4.9) |
| Maternal country of birth | ||||
| Australia | 153 388 (69.6) | 41 807 (74.5) | 360 342 (70.8) | 102 314 (75.7) |
| Overseas | 66 956 (30.4) | 14 303 (25.5) | 148 854 (29.2) | 32 781 (24.3) |
| Maternal residential location | ||||
| Major city | 171 328 (77.8) | 42 368 (75.5) | 398 572 (78.3) | 101 998 (75.5) |
| Inner regional | 37 355 (17.0) | 10 249 (18.3) | 84 403 (16.6) | 24 613 (18.2) |
| Outer regional or more | 11 661 (5.3) | 3493 (6.2) | 26 221 (5.1) | 8484 (6.3) |
| SEIFA | ||||
| Q1 (most disadvantage) | 40 675 (18.5) | 11 521 (20.5) | 95 935 (18.8) | 28 403 (21.0) |
| Q2 | 43 780 (19.9) | 12 030 (21.4) | 101 040 (19.8) | 28 877 (21.4) |
| Q3 | 48 249 (21.9) | 11 496 (20.5) | 110 410 (21.7) | 27 316 (20.2) |
| Q4 | 40 786 (18.5) | 9574 (17.1) | 94 886 (18.6) | 23 029 (17.0) |
| Q5 | 46 854 (21.3) | 11 489 (20.5) | 106 925 (21.0) | 27 470 (20.3) |
| Maternal education | ||||
| University | 46 877 (21.3) | 10 889 (19.4) | 155 263 (30.5) | 35 787 (26.5) |
| Certificate | 59 167 (26.9) | 16 102 (28.7) | 196 651 (38.6) | 53 865 (39.9) |
| Year 12 | 14 612 (6.6) | 3777 (6.7) | 49 318 (9.7) | 12 735 (9.4) |
| Below year 12 | 21 016 (9.5) | 6427 (11.5) | 71 428 (14.0) | 21 802 (16.1) |
| Unknown/not stated | 78 672 (35.7) | 18 915 (33.7) | 36 536 (7.2) | 10 906 (8.1) |
| Paternal education | ||||
| University | 38 126 (17.3) | 8512 (15.2) | 132 490 (26.0) | 29 372 (21.7) |
| Certificate | 58 751 (26.7) | 15 511 (27.6) | 195 732 (38.4) | 51 935 (38.4) |
| Year 12 | 10 936 (5.0) | 2786 (5.0) | 37 748 (7.4) | 9576 (7.1) |
| Below year 12 | 16 205 (7.4) | 4924 (8.8) | 55 813 (11.0) | 16 736 (12.4) |
| Unknown/not stated | 96 326 (43.7) | 24 377 (43.4) | 87 413 (17.2) | 27 476 (20.3) |
| Maternal occupation | ||||
| Managers/professionals | 50 840 (23.1) | 12 832 (22.9) | 170 300 (33.4) | 43 143 (31.9) |
| Tradesperson | 29 130 (13.2) | 7792 (13.9) | 97 099 (19.1) | 26 084 (19.3) |
| Other paid workers | 16 275 (7.4) | 4523 (8.1) | 56 200 (11.0) | 15 127 (11.2) |
| Non-paid workers | 38 567 (17.5) | 10 066 (17.9) | 123 608 (24.3) | 32 180 (23.8) |
| Unknown/not stated | 85 532 (38.8) | 20 897 (37.2) | 61 989 (12.2) | 18 561 (13.7) |
| Paternal occupation | ||||
| Managers/professionals | 60 107 (27.3) | 14 690 (26.2) | 203 370 (39.9) | 49 196 (36.4) |
| Tradesperson | 30 318 (13.8) | 7729 (13.8) | 100 757 (19.8) | 26 120 (19.3) |
| Other paid workers | 23 648 (10.7) | 6555 (11.7) | 77 121 (15.1) | 21 157 (15.7) |
| Non-paid workers | 5762 (2.6) | 1613 (2.9) | 25 715 (5.1) | 6719 (5.0) |
| Unknown/not stated | 100 509 (45.6) | 25 523 (45.5) | 102 233 (20.1) | 31 903 (23.6) |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 107 005 (48.6) | 30 679 (54.7) | 248 275 (48.8) | 73 927 (54.7) |
| Female | 113 339 (51.4) | 25 431 (45.3) | 260 921 (51.2) | 61 168 (45.3) |
| Gestational age, week | ||||
| 37–38 | 51 759 (23.5) | 14 673 (26.2) | 114 547 (22.5) | 34 033 (25.2) |
| 39–41 | 165 676 (75.2) | 40 743 (72.6) | 386 342 (75.9) | 99 112 (73.4) |
| 42+ | 2909 (1.3) | 694 (1.2) | 8307 (1.6) | 1950 (1.4) |
| Birth weight (g) | ||||
| 1500–2499 | 3365 (1.5) | 922 (1.6) | 7858 (1.5) | 2351 (1.7) |
| 2500–3499 | 114 668 (52.0) | 28 604 (51.0) | 262 408 (51.5) | 68 854 (51.0) |
| 3500–4499 | 98 282 (44.6) | 25 481 (45.4) | 229 337 (45.0) | 61 226 (45.3) |
| 4500+ | 4029 (1.8) | 1103 (2.0) | 9593 (1.9) | 2664 (2.0) |
| Mode of delivery | ||||
| Vaginal | 159 184 (72.2) | 39 431 (70.3) | 374 308 (73.5) | 96 687 (71.6) |
| Caesarean section | 61 061 (27.7) | 16 660 (29.7) | 134 688 (26.5) | 38 353 (28.4) |
| Cumulative length of hospital stay up to 4 years, days | ||||
| 0 | 180 472 (81.9) | 3519 (6.3) | 414 184 (81.3) | 8397 (6.2) |
| 1–3 | 28 531 (12.9) | 28 340 (50.5) | 68 062 (13.4) | 67 415 (49.9) |
| 4–7 | 9153 (4.2) | 16 604 (29.6) | 21 369 (4.2) | 40 202 (29.8) |
| 8+ | 2188 (1.0) | 7647 (13.6) | 5581 (1.1) | 19 081 (14.1) |
| Severe neonatal morbidity | ||||
| No | 216 954 (98.5) | 54 348 (96.9) | 502 028 (98.6) | 131 036 (97.0) |
| Yes | 3390 (1.5) | 1762 (3.1) | 7168 (1.4) | 4059 (3.0) |
| Comorbidity in childhood | ||||
| No | 210 618 (95.6) | 49 867 (88.9) | 483 095 (94.9) | 118 199 (87.5) |
| Yes | 9726 (4.4) | 6243 (11.1) | 26 101 (5.1) | 16 896 (12.5) |
| Year of birth* | ||||
| 2001–2007 | 103 993 (47.2) | 28 329 (50.5) | 270 873 (53.2) | 77 057 (57.0) |
| 2008–2014 | 116 351 (52.8) | 27 781 (49.5) | 238 323 (46.8) | 58 038 (43.0) |
| Season of birth | ||||
| Spring | 56 318 (25.6) | 13 770 (24.5) | 132 751 (26.1) | 33 880 (25.1) |
| Summer | 52 844 (24.0) | 13 551 (24.2) | 124 059 (24.4) | 32 906 (24.4) |
| Autumn | 55 325 (25.1) | 14 709 (26.2) | 123 805 (24.3) | 34 596 (25.6) |
| Winter | 55 857 (25.3) | 14 080 (25.1) | 128 581 (25.3) | 33 713 (25.0) |
*For school performance, year of birth was categorised into 2001–2006 and 2007–2011.
SEIFA, Socio-Economic Index for Areas.