Country | Females | Males | ||||||||||||||
Low | Middle | High | All | Low | Middle | High | All | |||||||||
LE | -DoD | LE | -DoD | LE | -DoD | LE | -DoD | LE | -DoD | LE | -DoD | LE | -DoD | LE | -DoD | |
Australia | 58.6 | +0.5 | 61.4 | +0.4 | 62.9 | +0.2 | 60.4 | +0.3 | 52.9 | +1.4 | 57.3 | +0.8 | 60.6 | +0.4 | 56.6 | +0.8 |
Cananda | 57.4 | +0.4 | 60.2 | +0.3 | 62.5 | +0.2 | 60.5 | +0.3 | 52.9 | +1.0 | 55.9 | +0.8 | 59.5 | +0.5 | 56.6 | +0.6 |
Denmark | 55.4 | +0.4 | 58.7 | +0.2 | 60.6 | +0.2 | 58.1 | +0.2 | 50.9 | +0.7 | 54.4 | +0.4 | 57.6 | +0.3 | 54.3 | +0.4 |
Hungary | 50.5 | +0.6 | 56.6 | +0.4 | 58.6 | +0.2 | 54.9 | +0.4 | 40.1 | +1.6 | 50.0 | +1.1 | 55.3 | +0.6 | 48.3 | +1.1 |
Italy | 60.3 | +0.1 | 62.0 | +0.1 | 62.7 | +0.1 | 60.8 | +0.1 | 55.4 | +0.3 | 57.9 | +0.2 | 59.5 | +0.2 | 56.5 | +0.2 |
Korea | 52.4 | +2.5 | 59.2 | +0.6 | 60.3 | +0.3 | 58.9 | +0.4 | 42.5 | +3.9 | 53.6 | +1.4 | 57.1 | +0.5 | 53.9 | +1.0 |
Lithuania | 51.2 | +0.2 | 56.4 | +0.2 | 59.6 | +0.1 | 56.4 | +0.1 | 41.6 | +0.8 | 47.3 | +0.7 | 53.5 | +0.4 | 47.6 | +0.6 |
New Zealand | 57.6 | +0.2 | 60.2 | +0.2 | 61.6 | +0.1 | 59.4 | +0.2 | 54.3 | +0.6 | 57.1 | +0.4 | 59.4 | +0.3 | 56.6 | +0.4 |
Poland | 55.0 | +0.1 | 55.1 | +0.1 | 58.2 | +0.1 | 56.4 | +0.1 | 44.4 | +0.9 | 47.6 | +0.4 | 54.9 | +0.2 | 48.6 | +0.4 |
Slovakia | 50.0 | +0.5 | 58.6 | +0.3 | 63.6 | +0.2 | 56.2 | +0.3 | 38.3 | +1.4 | 51.1 | +0.9 | 55.4 | +0.4 | 49.7 | +0.8 |
Spain | 60.8 | +0.1 | 61.2 | +0.1 | 64.3 | +0.1 | 61.3 | +0.1 | 55.0 | +0.4 | 54.4 | +0.4 | 60.9 | +0.2 | 56.1 | +0.3 |
Sweden | 56.9 | +0.7 | 59.5 | +0.4 | 62.0 | +0.2 | 59.5 | +0.3 | 53.0 | +1.5 | 56.3 | +0.8 | 59.3 | +0.4 | 56.1 | +0.8 |
Türkiye | 56.9 | +0.0 | 60.0 | +0.0 | 61.5 | +0.1 | 57.3 | +0.0 | 51.5 | +0.1 | 54.1 | +0.1 | 56.6 | +0.1 | 52.4 | +0.1 |
USA | 54.2 | +0.9 | 55.4 | +0.8 | 59.1 | +0.3 | 56.8 | +0.6 | 48.5 | +1.8 | 50.3 | +1.7 | 56.8 | +0.7 | 52.4 | +1.4 |
Mean | 55.5 | +0.5 | 58.9 | +0.3 | 61.3 | +0.2 | 58.3 | +0.2 | 48.7 | +1.2 | 53.4 | +0.7 | 57.6 | +0.4 | 53.3 | +0.6 |
Notes: Education is classified according to the 2011 International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED-2011) into low (primary education and below, ISCED 0–2), medium (lower-secondary and upper-secondary, ISCED 3–4) and high education (higher than upper-secondary, ISCED 5–8). Deaths of despair: suicide (X60–X84, Y87.0), alcohol-related deaths (E24.4, F10, G31.2, G62.1, G72.1, I42.6, K29.2, K70, K85.2, K86.0, O35.4, P04.3, Q86.0, R78, X45, Y15) and drug-related deaths (F11–16, X40–44, Y10–14).
-DoD, life expectancy gains (in years) from eliminating deaths of despair; LE, life expectancy at age 25.