White (n=12 725) | Black (n=369) | South Asian (n=396) | Chinese (n=126) | Mixed (n=526) | Other (n=429) | All (n=14 571) | |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 55 (16.1) | 60.9 (7.3) | 61.8 (9.2) | 62.5 (8.0) | 54.0 (14.0) | 63.5 (8.8) | 55.6 (15.6) |
Female, n (%) | 7298 (57.4) | 224 (60.7) | 189 (47.7) | 95 (75.4) | 366 (69.6) | 259 (60.4) | 84 313 (57.9) |
Resident of urban area, n (%)* | 10 802 (84.9) | 355 (96.2) | 371 (93.7) | 120 (95.2) | 466 (88.6) | 405 (94.4) | 12 519 (85.9) |
Resident of more deprived area, n (%)† | 2890 (22.7) | 149 (40.4) | 83 (21.0) | 24 (19.0) | 133 (25.3) | 136 (31.7) | 3415 (23.4) |
Educated to university or college level, n (%) | 8020 (63.0) | 193 (52.3) | 246 (62.1) | 74 (58.7) | 330 (62.7) | 268 (62.5) | 9131 (62.7) |
Works mostly from home, n (%) | 4122 (32.4) | 85 (23.0) | 106 (26.8) | 36 (28.6) | 219 (41.6) | 107 (24.9) | 4675 (32.1) |
Works in NHS or social care, n (%) | 1038 (8.2) | 61 (16.5) | 39 (9.8) | 7 (5.6) | 57 (10.8) | 33 (7.7) | 1235 (8.5) |
Works in close proximity with public/coworkers, n (%) | 2841 (22.3) | 142 (38.5) | 117 (29.5) | 25 (19.8) | 140 (26.6) | 107 (24.9) | 3372 (23.1) |
One or more coresidents aged ≤18 years, n (%) | 3082 (24.2) | 83 (22.5) | 78 (19.7) | 14 (11.1) | 134 (25.5) | 60 (14.2) | 3452 (23.7) |
One or more coresident aged >18 years, n (%) | 10 000 (78.6) | 248 (67.2) | 325 (82.1) | 88 (69.8) | 405 (77.0) | 329 (76.7) | 11 395 (78.2) |
Has a coresident who works outside the home, n (%) | 3807 (29.9) | 134 (36.3) | 144 (36.4) | 31 (24.6) | 171 (32.5) | 143 (33.3) | 4430 (30.4) |
Public transport is usual mode of transport, n (%) | 377 (3.0) | 38 (10.3) | 9 (2.3) | 5 (4.0) | 25 (4.8) | 20 (4.7) | 474 (3.3) |
Shopping frequency (≥1 day/week), n (%) | 6491 (51.0) | 160 (43.4) | 138 (34.8) | 49 (38.9) | 272 (51.7) | 171 (39.9) | 7281 (50.0) |
Analyses among 14 571 participants; exclusions as in figure 1.
*UK Biobank urban and rural area classification, based on postcode information matched to census information on population density.
†More deprived area defined as postcode with Townsend Deprivation Score ≥2. See online supplemental table S2 for further details on characteristics.
NHS, National Health Service.