Table 1

Participant characteristics and their social circumstances during the first wave of the pandemic, by ethnicity

White
(n=12 725)
Black
(n=369)
South Asian
(n=396)
Chinese
(n=126)
Mixed
(n=526)
Other
(n=429)
All
(n=14 571)
Age (years), mean (SD)55 (16.1)60.9 (7.3)61.8 (9.2)62.5 (8.0)54.0 (14.0)63.5 (8.8)55.6 (15.6)
Female, n (%)7298 (57.4)224 (60.7)189 (47.7)95 (75.4)366 (69.6)259 (60.4)84 313 (57.9)
Resident of urban area, n (%)*10 802 (84.9)355 (96.2)371 (93.7)120 (95.2)466 (88.6)405 (94.4)12 519 (85.9)
Resident of more deprived area, n (%)†2890 (22.7)149 (40.4)83 (21.0)24 (19.0)133 (25.3)136 (31.7)3415 (23.4)
Educated to university or college level, n (%)8020 (63.0)193 (52.3)246 (62.1)74 (58.7)330 (62.7)268 (62.5)9131 (62.7)
Works mostly from home, n (%)4122 (32.4)85 (23.0)106 (26.8)36 (28.6)219 (41.6)107 (24.9)4675 (32.1)
Works in NHS or social care, n (%)1038 (8.2)61 (16.5)39 (9.8)7 (5.6)57 (10.8)33 (7.7)1235 (8.5)
Works in close proximity with public/coworkers, n (%)2841 (22.3)142 (38.5)117 (29.5)25 (19.8)140 (26.6)107 (24.9)3372 (23.1)
One or more coresidents aged ≤18 years, n (%)3082 (24.2)83 (22.5)78 (19.7)14 (11.1)134 (25.5)60 (14.2)3452 (23.7)
One or more coresident aged >18 years, n (%)10 000 (78.6)248 (67.2)325 (82.1)88 (69.8)405 (77.0)329 (76.7)11 395 (78.2)
Has a coresident who works outside the home, n (%)3807 (29.9)134 (36.3)144 (36.4)31 (24.6)171 (32.5)143 (33.3)4430 (30.4)
Public transport is usual mode of transport, n (%)377 (3.0)38 (10.3)9 (2.3)5 (4.0)25 (4.8)20 (4.7)474 (3.3)
Shopping frequency (≥1 day/week), n (%)6491 (51.0)160 (43.4)138 (34.8)49 (38.9)272 (51.7)171 (39.9)7281 (50.0)
  • Analyses among 14 571 participants; exclusions as in figure 1.

  • *UK Biobank urban and rural area classification, based on postcode information matched to census information on population density.

  • †More deprived area defined as postcode with Townsend Deprivation Score ≥2. See online supplemental table S2 for further details on characteristics.

  • NHS, National Health Service.