Associations of clinical metabolites independent from QRISK3 score
| Hazard ratio (95% CI) | ||
| Women | Men | |
| Recalibrated QRISK3 score | 1.17 (1.15 to 1.18)* | 1.08 (1.07 to 1.09)* |
| Cholesterols and triglycerides | ||
| Total cholesterol | 0.96 (0.91 to 1.00) | 1.01 (0.97 to 1.05) |
| VLDL cholesterol | 1.04 (0.99 to 1.08) | 1.01 (0.97 to 1.05) |
| LDL cholesterol | 0.98 (0.94 to 1.03) | 1.01 (0.98 to 1.05) |
| HDL cholesterol | 0.89 (0.85 to 0.93)* | 0.98 (0.94 to 1.02) |
| Total triglycerides | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.07) | 0.97 (0.94 to 1.02) |
| Fatty acids | ||
| Total fatty acids | 1.01 (0.96 to 1.05) | 0.98 (0.95 to 1.02) |
| Omega-3 fatty acids | 0.96 (0.92 to 1.00) | 0.94 (0.91 to 0.97)* |
| Omega-6 fatty acids | 0.97 (0.93 to 1.01) | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.04) |
| Polyunsaturated fatty acids | 0.96 (0.92 to 1.01) | 0.98 (0.95 to 1.02) |
| Monounsaturated fatty acids | 1.05 (1.00 to 1.09) | 0.98 (0.95 to 1.02) |
| Saturated fatty acids | 1.01 (0.97 to 1.06) | 0.98 (0.95 to 1.02) |
| Docosahexenoic acid | 0.95 (0.91 to 0.99) | 0.95 (0.92 to 0.98) |
| Linoleic acid | 0.96 (0.92 to 1.00) | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.03) |
| Omega-3 to total fatty acids | 0.95 (0.91 to 0.99) | 0.94 (0.90 to 0.97)* |
| Omega-6 to total fatty acids | 0.93 (0.89 to 0.97)* | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.07) |
| Polyunsaturated to total fatty acids | 0.92 (0.88 to 0.95)* | 1.01 (0.97 to 1.05) |
| Monounsaturated to total fatty acids | 1.13 (1.08 to 1.18)* | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.04) |
| Saturated to total fatty acids | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.06) | 0.99 (0.96 to 1.03) |
| Docosahexaenoic acid to total fatty acids | 0.94 (0.89 to 0.98)* | 0.96 (0.92 to 0.99) |
| Linoleic acid to total fatty acids | 0.92 (0.88 to 0.96)* | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.06) |
| Polyunsaturated to monounsaturated fatty acids | 0.88 (0.84 to 0.92)* | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.04) |
| Omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.07) | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.08) |
| Apolipoproteins | ||
| Apolipoprotein B | 1.02 (0.97 to 1.06) | 1.02 (0.99 to 1.06) |
| Apolipoprotein A-1 | 0.91 (0.87 to 0.95)* | 0.96 (0.93 to 1.00) |
| Apolipoprotein B to apolipoproteinA-1 | 1.07 (1.02 to 1.12)* | 1.06 (1.02 to 1.10)* |
| Amino acids | ||
| Alanine | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.07) | 0.98 (0.94 to 1.01) |
| Glycine | 0.95 (0.91 to 0.99) | 0.96 (0.92 to 0.99) |
| Histidine | 0.91 (0.87 to 0.95)* | 0.97 (0.93 to 1.00) |
| Isoleucine | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.06) | 1.01 (0.98 to 1.05) |
| Leucine | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.05) | 1.00 (0.97 to 1.04) |
| Valine | 0.99 (0.95 to 1.03) | 0.98 (0.95 to 1.02) |
| Total branched-chain amino acids | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.04) | 0.99 (0.96 to 1.03) |
| Phenylalanine | 1.05 (1.01 to 1.09) | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.08) |
| Tyrosine | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.05) | 1.01 (0.97 to 1.04) |
| Glycolysis-related metabolites | ||
| Glucose | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.06) | 1.01 (0.98 to 1.04) |
| Lactate | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.08) | 0.99 (0.95 to 1.02) |
| Fluid balance | ||
| Creatinine | 1.02 (0.98 to 1.06) | 1.01 (0.98 to 1.04) |
| Albumin | 0.88 (0.84 to 0.92)* | 0.91 (0.88 to 0.94)* |
| Inflammation | ||
| Glycoprotein acetyls | 1.14 (1.09 to 1.19)* | 1.06 (1.02 to 1.10)* |
HR per one score higher of concentration. HR of each metabolite was calculated by Cox proportional-hazards regression with adjustment of QRISK3 score.
*Associations remained significant (p-value<0.01) by correction of false discovery rate using Benjamini-Hochberg method, which is also marked as boldface in the table.
HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; VLDL, very LDL.