Table 4

Difference in the average marginal effect (AME with SE) of economic activity in 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2020 vs 2018, women

Compared yearsNo hardshipHardship including medicationsHardship excluding medications
AME differenceSEP valueAME differenceSEP valueAME differenceSEP value
Economic activity (ref: full-time work)
 Part-time work/retirement2018 vs 2013−0.0610.0380.1080.0430.0310.1720.0180.0300.539
2018 vs 2014−0.0450.0420.2860.0290.0340.3930.0150.0330.645
2018 vs 2015−0.0290.0420.4900.0130.0340.6970.0150.0330.638
2018 vs 2020−0.0750.0430.0790.0300.0350.3880.0450.0330.177
 Old age retirement2018 vs 2013−0.0160.0140.2450.0190.0100.062−0.0030.0110.803
2018 vs 2014−0.0300.0150.052 0.029 0.011 0.010 0.0010.0120.934
2018 vs 2015−0.0090.0150.5730.0160.0110.169−0.0070.0120.559
2018 vs 2020−0.0070.0160.6480.0120.0110.275−0.0050.0120.670
 Disability/Illness2018 vs 20130.125 0.042 0.003 0.133 0.044 0.003 −0.0080.0280.767
2018 vs 20140.163 0.047 0.001 0.165 0.049 0.001 −0.0020.0320.962
2018 vs 2015−0.0750.0470.109 0.120 0.048 0.013 −0.0460.0330.167
2018 vs 2020−0.0420.0500.3960.0490.0530.353−0.0060.0330.848
 Unemployment2018 vs 20130.087 0.043 0.044 0.122 0.042 0.004 −0.0340.0310.265
2018 vs 20140.106 0.047 0.025 0.124 0.045 0.006 −0.0180.0350.614
2018 vs 20150.095 0.047 0.043 0.107 0.045 0.018 −0.0120.0340.725
2018 vs 2020−0.0470.0490.335 0.114 0.046 0.014 −0.0670.0370.068
 Family2018 vs 2013−0.0360.0470.4490.0410.0400.308−0.0050.0330.873
2018 vs 2014−0.0500.0510.3280.0350.0430.4120.0140.0350.685
2018 vs 2015−0.0110.0520.829 0.086 0.042 0.040 −0.0750.0380.051
2018 vs 2020−0.0370.0550.5030.0460.0460.321−0.0090.0380.809
 Student2018 vs 20130.0090.0380.814−0.0230.0300.4460.0140.0310.658
2018 vs 2014−0.0080.0430.855−0.0290.0340.4040.0360.0350.293
2018 vs 2015−0.0160.0420.713−0.0110.0330.7420.0270.0340.439
2018 vs 2020−0.0720.0440.1020.0150.0350.6720.0570.0350.101
  • Results are based on multinomial logistic regression, with interaction (year×economic activity).

  • Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.