Table 1

Association between housing cost to income, avoidable mortality, and suicide rates

β
(95% CI)		β
(95% CI)		β
(95% CI)
Panel A
Pre-global financial crisis
Per 1% increase in housing cost to income−0.311
(−6.235 to 5.611)		0.815
(−3.172 to 4.801)		0.621
(−0.213 to 1.456)
Per $100 rise in GDP per capita−0.019
(−0.091 to 0.052)		0.014
(−0.023 to 0.051)		0.007
(−0.007 to 0.020)
Country-years227227227
Countries272727
Panel B
Post-global financial crisis
Per 1% increase in housing cost to income2.808*
(0.086 to 5.530)		1.554**
(0.424 to 2.683)		0.552*
(0.015 to 1.090)
Per $100 rise in GDP per capita−0.006
(−0.071 to 0.059)		0.006
(−0.025 to 0.037)		0.002
(−0.011 to 0.015)
Country-years233233233
Countries272727

  • Confidence intervals are based on robust standard errors clustered by country. All models control for year, and country-specific time trends. Column 1 shows the results for preventable mortality rates. Column 2 shows the results for treatable mortality rates. Column 3 shows the results for suicide rates.

  • ***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05.

  • $, US$; GDP, gross domestic product.