Table 3

Results of logistic regression (generalised linear model) of factors associated with COVID-19 deaths versus COVID-19 cases (see online supplemental table A3 for coefficients)

	Wave 1			Wave 2			Wave 3
	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value	OR	95% CI	P value
Sociodemographics
Female (Ref)	1.00	–	–	1.00	–	–	1.00	–	–
Male	2.24	2.03 to 2.47	<0.001	1.71	1.60 to 1.83	<0.001	1.63	1.32 to 2.03	<0.001
Age in years	1.08	1.08 to 1.09	<0.001	1.11	1.10 to 1.11	<0.001	1.11	1.10 to 1.12	<0.001
SIMD5 (Ref)	1.00	–	–	1.00	–	–	1.00	–	–
SIMD4	1.29	1.09 to 1.52	<0.01	1.17	1.04 to 1.31	<0.01	1.03	0.69 to 1.52	0.90
SIMD3	1.41	1.20 to 1.66	<0.001	1.27	1.13 to 1.43	<0.001	1.31	0.91 to 1.89	0.15
SIMD2	1.40	1.20 to 1.65	<0.001	1.30	1.16 to 1.45	<0.001	1.37	0.96 to 1.96	0.09
SIMD1	1.58	1.35 to 1.85	<0.001	1.48	1.33 to 1.64	<0.001	1.85	1.32 to 2.60	<0.001
Comorbidities*
Ischaemic heart disease	N/A	–	–	1.15	1.05 to 1.24	<0.01	1.34	1.01 to 1.75	0.04
Other heart disease	N/A	–	–	1.36	1.26 to 1.47	<0.001	1.90	1.47 to 2.46	<0.001
Other circulatory disease	N/A	–	–	1.27	1.17 to 1.37	<0.001	N/A	–	–
Chronic kidney disease	2.08	1.50 to 2.88	<0.001	3.21	2.56 to 4.01	<0.001	2.89	1.53 to 5.21	<0.001
Neurological disease	1.38	1.23 to 1.55	<0.001	1.58	1.45 to 1.72	<0.001	3.26	2.35 to 4.49	<0.001
Liver disease	2.82	1.78 to 4.42	<0.001	5.04	3.97 to 6.38	<0.001	N/A	–	–
Diabetes	1.34	1.18 to 1.51	<0.001	1.66	1.53 to 1.79	<0.001	1.65	1.26 to 2.13	<0.001
COPD*	1.74	1.50 to 2.02	<0.001	2.01	1.82 to 2.22	<0.001	1.93	1.39 to 2.66	<0.001
Cancer	1.56	1.33 to 1.84	<0.001	1.97	1.79 to 2.18	<0.001	2.34	1.69 to 3.20	<0.001

ORs are N/A where no deaths occurred within this subgroup during the specified wave.
*Each comorbidity is an individual variable and the reference group is the absence of that specific comorbidity.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; N/A, not available; SIMD, Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation.