Table 2

Mean (95% CI) number of causes of death recorded by period and characteristics at death registration and at census prior to death, weighted by 5-year age group at death; decedents aged 65 years and over 2001–2007 and 2011–2017, England and Wales

2001–2007, n=30 247P value2011–2017, n=31 417P value
Mean95% CIMean95% CI
Sex
 M2.5022.480 to 2.5232.9732.947 to 3.000
 F2.4032.383 to 2.422 * 2.7962.773 to 2.819 *
Educational qualifications†
 Higher secondary+2.4502.403 to 2.4982.8382.804 to 2.872
 Lower or none2.4392.424 to 2.4552.8842.864 to 2.905
Carstairs deprivation quintile
 1–2, least deprived2.3852.358 to 2.4132.7912.758 to 2.824
 32.4142.383 to 2.4462.8222.783 to 2.861
 42.4662.436 to 2.496 * 2.8982.859 to 2.936 *
 5, most deprived2.5082.480 to 2.5373.0132.976 to 3.050
Household type/tenure
 Owner2.4502.431 to 2.4692.8782.854 to 2.901
 Renter2.4812.455 to 2.5083.0072.969 to 3.045 *
 Care home‡2.3382.299 to 2.377 * 2.5972.547 to 2.646 *
Limiting long-term illness
 No2.3542.327 to 2.3812.6612.621 to 2.700
 Yes2.4792.462 to 2.497 * 2.9312.910 to 2.952 *
Self-rated heath
 Good2.3472.317 to 2.3782.6902.654 to 2.725
 Fair2.4332.410 to 2.456 * 2.9162.888 to 2.944 *
 Poor2.5102.487 to 2.534
* 		* 2.9872.953 to 3.021 *
Marital status at death
 Widowed2.4372.417 to 2.4572.8672.843 to 2.891
 Married2.4762.451 to 2.5012.9072.877 to 2.937
 Divorced/separated2.4262.362 to 2.4902.9002.835 to 2.964
 Never married2.3832.333 to 2.4332.7302.668 to 2.793 *
Place of death
 Private home/other2.2092.181 to 2.3802.4402.408 to 2.471
 Hospital/hospice2.5852.565 to 2.605 * 3.2653.239 to 3.291 *
 Care home2.2432.216 to 2.2702.4672.439 to 2.495
All2.4442.430 to 2.4592.8732.856 to 2.891 *

  • Source: analysis of Office for National Statistics Longitudinal Study.

  • *p<0.05 for difference from reference category (first listed).

  • †Those with missing data (5.6% 2001–2007; 1% 2011–2017) were treated as having no qualification.

  • ‡Or other type of communal establishment.