Differences in psychological distress by area deprivation among young adults aged 16-24 living in England, considering economic changes since before the outbreak, UKHLS, April–November 2020
| Baseline model (n=1069) B (95% CI) | Model+job loss (n=1069) B (95% CI) | |
| Area deprivation | ||
| Most deprived | 2.10 (0.88 to 3.32) | 1.75 (0.52 to 2.98) |
| Second most deprived | 0.78 (−0.23 to 1.78) | 0.70 (−0.31 to 1.72) |
| Second least deprived | 0.15 (−0.61 to 0.91) | −0.13 (−0.91 to 0.64) |
| Least deprived (reference) | – | – |
| Change since before outbreak | ||
| Did not lose job or ≥50% hours (reference) | – | – |
| Lost job or ≥50% hours | – | 1.52 (1.01 to 2.02) |
| Started job | – | −2.65 (−3.58 to −1.72) |
| Did not work at both points | – | 0.37 (−0.39 to 1.30) |
Estimates represent betas from random-intercept linear models using the UKHLS COVID-19 November 2020 longitudinal weight. The models controlled for wave, age, sex, parental education, living arrangements, ethnicity and GHQ score at wave 10.
Significant estimates at p<0.05 are in bold.
GHQ, General Health Questionnaire; UKHLS, UK Household Longitudinal Study.