Baseline characteristics in women with diagnosed uterine fibroids (UF) and women without diagnosed UF
| Variable | Diagnosed UF | No diagnosed UF* | Difference (95% CI) between groups |
| n | 313 754 | 627 539 | |
| Demographics | |||
| Age, mean (SD) | 40.3 (6.5) | 40.7 (6.5) | −0.4 (−0.4 to −0.3) |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| White | 168 479 (53.7) | 429 656 (68.5) | −14.8% (−15.0% to −14.6%) |
| Asian | 23 776 (7.6) | 50 586 (8.1) | −0.5% (−0.6% to −0.4%) |
| Black | 74 601 (23.8) | 66 365 (10.6) | 13.2% (13.0% to 13.4%) |
| Hispanic | 46 898 (14.9) | 80 932 (12.9) | 2.1% (1.9% to 2.2%) |
| Region of residence, n (%) | |||
| Northeast | 41 689 (13.3) | 76 374 (12.2) | 1.1% (1.0% to 1.3%) |
| Midwest | 60 629 (19.3) | 153 106 (24.4) | −5.1% (−5.2% to −4.9%) |
| South | 159 774 (50.9) | 282 796 (45.1) | 5.9% (5.6% to 6.1%) |
| West | 51 662 (16.5) | 115 263 (18.4) | −1.9% (−2.1% to −1.7%) |
| Encounter with a mental health provider | 12 073 (3.8%) | 26 678 (4.3%) | −0.4% (−0.5% to −0.3%) |
| Symptoms, n (%) | |||
| Heavy menstrual bleeding | 134 103 (42.7) | 77 223 (12.3) | 30.4% (30.2% to 30.6%) |
| Anaemia or blood transfusion | 18 459 (5.9) | 9661 (1.5) | 4.3% (4.3% to 4.4%) |
| Dysmenorrhoea | 36 067 (11.5) | 22 187 (3.5) | 8.0% (7.8% to 8.1%) |
| Dyspareunia | 6768 (2.2) | 6367 (1.0) | 1.1% (1.1% to 1.2%) |
| Pelvic pain | 107 601 (34.3) | 118 774 (18.9) | 15.4% (15.2% to 15.6%) |
| Medical conditions, n (%) | |||
| Pregnancy | 44 055 (14.0) | 93 769 (14.9) | −0.9% (−1.1% to −0.8%) |
| Live birth | 21 174 (6.7) | 70 697 (11.3) | −4.5% (−4.6% to −4.4%) |
| Infertility | 70 172 (22.4) | 90 879 (14.5) | 7.9% (7.7% to 8.1%) |
| Allergic rhinitis | 49 945 (15.9) | 112 218 (17.9) | −2.0% (−2.1% to −1.8%) |
| Asthma | 22 044 (7.0) | 41 509 (6.6) | 0.4% (0.3% to 0.5%) |
| Irritable bowel syndrome | 6520 (2.1) | 12 850 (2.0) | 0.0% (0.0% to 0.1%) |
| Psoriasis | 2582 (0.8) | 7093 (1.1) | −0.3% (−0.3% to −0.3%) |
| Eczema | 26 217 (8.4) | 63 725 (10.2) | −1.8% (−1.9% to −1.7%) |
| Chronic low back pain | 57 187 (18.2) | 118 266 (18.8) | −0.6% (−0.8% to −0.5%) |
| Fatigue | 63 534 (20.2) | 122 462 (19.5) | 0.7% (0.6% to 0.9%) |
| Vitamin D deficiency | 12 289 (3.9) | 25 007 (4.0) | 0.1% (−0.2% to 0.0%) |
| Chronic headaches/migraines | 45 976 (14.7) | 89 816 (14.3) | 0.3% (0.2% to 0.5%) |
| Thyroid disease | 38 741 (12.3) | 77 470 (12.3) | 0.0% (−0.1% to 0.1%) |
| Hypothyroidism | 31 080 (9.9) | 66 442 (10.6) | −0.7% (−0.8% to −0.6%) |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus | 17 018 (5.4) | 26 010 (4.1) | 1.3% (1.2% to 1.4%) |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 57 158 (18.2) | 115 477 (18.4) | −0.2% (−0.3% to 0.0%) |
| Hypertension | 51 029 (16.3) | 77 184 (12.3) | 4.0% (3.8% to 4.1%) |
| Fibromyalgia | 15 213 (4.8) | 33 244 (5.3) | −0.4% (−0.5% to −0.4%) |
| Medication use, n (%) | |||
| Combined hormonal contraceptives | 68 719 (21.9) | 169 948 (27.1) | −5.2% (−5.4% to −5.0%) |
| Oral progestin | 9262 (3.0) | 29 120 (4.6) | −1.7% (−1.8% to −1.6%) |
| Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate | 18 356 (5.9) | 24 834 (4.0) | 1.9% (1.8% to 2.0%) |
| Intrauterine device | 21 921 (7.0) | 59 541 (9.5) | −2.5% (−2.6% to −2.4%) |
| Non-opioid analgesics | 85 557 (27.3) | 149 745 (23.9) | 3.4% (3.2% to 3.6%) |
| Opioid analgesic | 107 983 (34.4) | 203 783 (32.5) | 1.9% (1.7% to 2.1%) |
| Antihypertensives | 41 595 (13.3) | 68 295 (10.9) | 2.4% (2.2% to 2.5%) |
| Statins | 11 546 (3.7) | 24 597 (3.9) | −0.2% (−0.3% to −0.2%) |
| Corticosteroids | 89 124 (28.4) | 199 403 (31.8) | −3.4% (−3.6% to −3.2%) |
| Tranexamic acid | 1821 (0.6) | 809 (0.1) | 0.5% (0.4% to 0.5%) |
| Prior procedures, n (%) | |||
| Uterine artery embolisation | 36 (0.0) | 5 (0.0) | 0.0% (0.0% to 0.0%) |
| Myomectomy | 6612 (2.1) | 0 (0.0) | 2.1% (2.1% to 2.2%) |
*Matched referent includes women with no UF or prior myomectomy.