Variable | Pooled sample | Females | Males | ||||||
n (% in each category) | % Depressed | χ2 P value | n (% in each category) | % Depressed | χ2 P value | n (% in each category) | % Depressed | χ2 P value | |
Poor self-perceived quality of life | 0.018 | <0.001 | 0.716 | ||||||
No | 1130 (46) | 27 | 451 (40) | 20 | 679 (51) | 31 | |||
Yes | 1328 (54) | 31 | 685 (60) | 32 | 643 (49) | 30 | |||
Self-esteem | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.009 | ||||||
High | 775 (32) | 25 | 321 (28) | 22 | 454 (34) | 27 | |||
Moderate | 906 (37) | 29 | 454 (40) | 22 | 452 (34) | 36 | |||
Low | 777 (32) | 33 | 361 (32) | 38 | 416 (31) | 29 | |||
Locus of control | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||
High | 948 (39) | 19 | 420 (37) | 21 | 528 (40) | 18 | |||
Moderate | 730 (30) | 32 | 358 (32) | 33 | 372 (28) | 31 | |||
Low | 780 (32) | 38 | 358 (32) | 28 | 422 (32) | 46 |
Depression is defined using a cut-off of 10 or higher on the 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.