Table 1

Visit 1 characteristics by categories of discrimination, the Jackson Heart Study, 2000–2004

	Overall	Everyday discrimination				Lifetime discrimination				Stress from lifetime discrimination
	Overall	Low n=986	Medium n=1086	High n=978	P value	Low n=389	Medium n=905	High n=1756	P value	Very stressful n=621	Moderately stressful n=1496	Not stressful n=533	P value
Age, mean±SD	54.3±12.0	57.5±12.2	54.4±11.9	51.0±11.2	<0.001	58.0±13.0	54.2±12.8	53.5±11.2	<0.001	55.0±11.3	53.2±11.7	54.0±12.5	0.004
Sex, %					<0.001				<0.001				<0.001
Women	64.2	67.9	64.9	59.7		68.1	69.2	60.8		71.2	62.1	59.3
Education, %					<0.001				<0.001				<0.001
<High school	15.2	22.5	11.8	11.7		29.6	17.5	10.9		15.9	10.8	15.9
High school graduate/GED	17.2	19.8	15.8	16.0		25.4	21.4	13.1		17.5	14.3	18.9
>High school	67.6	57.7	72.4	72.3		45.0	61.1	76.0		66.5	74.9	65.1
Income, %					<0.001				<0.001				<0.001
Poor	12.3	13.9	9.2	14.0		16.5	13.6	10.6		15.5	10.8	9.4
Lower-middle	22.6	26.4	19.0	22.7		30.8	26.0	19.0		26.2	20.2	18.9
Upper-middle	30.9	28.3	33.8	30.5		26.7	31.5	31.6		26.6	31.1	38.7
Affluent	34.2	31.4	38.0	32.8		26.0	28.9	38.8		31.7	37.8	33.0
Occupation, %					<0.001				<0.001				0.002
Management/professional	41.2	36.4	47.3	39.3		27.8	37.1	46.3		37.8	46.0	41.8
Service	21.9	26.7	18.4	20.9		33.7	24.5	18.0		24.6	18.4	19.7
Sales	18.1	17.1	16.9	20.3		13.3	19.3	18.5		20.3	19.1	15.9
Construction	5.2	4.0	5.3	6.4		6.7	4.3	5.4		4.3	4.9	6.4
Production	13.2	15.4	11.4	12.9		17.7	14.5	11.5		12.7	11.4	15.6
Other	0.4	0.4	0.5	0.2		0.8	0.3	0.3		0.3	0.3	0.6

Everyday discrimination: low=1.00–1.44, medium=1.55–2.33, high=2.44–7.00.
Lifetime discrimination: low=0.00–0.00, medium=1.00–2.00, high=3.00–9.00.
Stress from lifetime discrimination: the sample was restricted to participants who reported at least one instance of lifetime discrimination (n=2650).
GED, general equivalency diploma.