Table 1

Associations between assets, probable depression and COVID-19 financial stressors in US adults

 Sample Probable depression COVID-19 financial stressor exposure Job loss Job loss of a household member Financial difficulties Difficulty paying rent n % % P value % P value % P value % P value % P value % P value Total 1441 100 27.8 40.0 12.7 18.9 27.3 14.4 Education Less than high school graduate 65 9.8 29.2 <0.001 50.5 <0.001 23.5 0.004 26.1 0.0301 37.9 0.001 23.2 <0.001 High school graduate or GED 274 27.9 35.0 48.5 15.1 22.8 33.9 19.3 Some college 637 27.8 32.0 41.8 13.5 19.9 28.3 15.7 College graduate or more 465 34.5 18.3 28.8 7.1 12.9 18.1 7.0 Marital status Married 712 47.8 18.3 <0.001 34.7 0.002 8.9 0.002 17.9 0.4863 20.9 <0.001 9.2 <0.001 Not married 729 52.2 36.5 44.9 16.2 19.8 33.1 19.3 Household income $0–$19 999 246 19.8 46.9 <0.001 57.1 <0.001 17.1 0.001 23.7 0.0458 45.3 <0.001 25.4 <0.001 $20 000–$44 999 357 25.8 31.1 49.1 20.0 23.2 33.9 18.5 $45 000–$74 999 357 25.1 23.3 33.0 8.6 14.5 20.3 10.5 ≥$75 000 447 29.3 16.9 27.1 7.9 16.0 15.8 6.9 Household savings$0–$4999 577 43.2 40.4 <0.001 54.9 <0.001 15.9 0.012 21.4 0.0386 43.2 <0.001 24.3 <0.001$5000–$9999 130 9.1 27.7 44.9 19.0 26.8 28.8 14.4$10 000–$19 999 123 7.7 21.9 37.9 18.9 22.4 15.1 7.3 ≥$20 000 566 40.0 16.9 24.7 7.9 14.3 13.4 5.6 Home ownership Renter 529 32.0 36.4 <0.001 50.6 <0.001 12.7 0.636 20.7 0.1913 35.1 <0.001 25.3 <0.001 Owner 850 68.0 23.0 33.8 11.5 16.9 22.4 8.4
• Data: The COVID-19 and Life stressors Impact on Mental Health and Well-being (CLIMB) study collected from 31 March 2020 through 13 April 2020 (n=1441). Nationally representative of US adults ages 18 years and older. Percentages are weighted. CLIMB missing data: household income (n=34), household savings (n=45), home ownership (n=62) and all COVID-19 stressors (n=3).

• Two-tailed χ2 analysis conducted for significance testing. Frequencies (n) are unweighted. Percentages are weighted.

• COVID-19 financial stressor exposure signifies that a person experienced at least one of the following COVID-19 stressors: losing a job, having a family member lose a job, having financial difficulties and having difficulty paying rent.

• Probable depression defined as Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score cut-off of ≥10.

• GED, general education diploma.