Demographic characteristics (mean, SD or observations) and the distress variables (mean, SD) for internal workload (n=1715) and external workload (n=1760)
| Internal workloadn=1715 | External workloadn=1760 | |||
| Mean or number | SD or (%) | Mean or number | SD or (%) | |
| Age (in years) | 43.47 | 10.70 | 44.06 | 10.39 |
| Gender | ||||
| Men | 963 | (56.2%) | 962 | (54.7%) |
| Women | 752 | (43.8%) | 798 | (45.3%) |
| Education level* | ||||
| 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1–3 | 703 | 41 | 714 | 40.6 |
| 4–5 | 722 | 42.1 | 747 | 42.5 |
| 6–8 | 289 | 16.8 | 298 | 16.8 |
| Job autonomy | 2.35 | 0.76 | 2.32 | 0.78 |
| Occupational position† | ||||
| 1 | 236 | 13.8 | 252 | 14.3 |
| 2 | 678 | 39.5 | 697 | 39.6 |
| 3 | 276 | 16.1 | 285 | 16.2 |
| 4 | 89 | 5.2 | 102 | 5.8 |
| 5 | 167 | 9.7 | 171 | 9.7 |
| 6 | 23 | 1.3 | 20 | 1.1 |
| 7 | 135 | 7.9 | 128 | 7.3 |
| 8 | 73 | 4.3 | 69 | 3.9 |
| 9 | 17 | 1.0 | 21 | 1.2 |
| Anxiety | 3.86 | 0.42 | 3.87 | 0.15 |
| Depression | 3.88 | 0.39 | 3.90 | 0.36 |
| Psychological fatigue | 4.25 | 1.12 | 4.30 | 1.08 |
| Physical fatigue | 3.90 | 1.31 | 3.96 | 1.27 |
| Sleep problems | 3.66 | 0.67 | 3.68 | 0.654 |
*0=no education, 1–3=mandatory education, 4–5=further vocational education and 6–8=higher education.
†1=managerial positions, 2=academic/professional positions (requiring higher education), 3=professions requiring college level of education, 4=office/administrative profession, 5=sales and service professions, 6=farming, fishing, etc, 7=skilled crafts, 8=machine operators and transport workers, and 9=unskilled professions.