Postnatal MTCT*‡ | ‘MTCT-or-death’* | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | P value |
Maternal | ||||
Maternal age | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.82 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.70 |
Married/cohabiting mother | 1.1 (0.5–2.2) | 0.81 | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.47 |
Maternal ART-use† | 0.6 (0.3–1.2)† | 0.15 | 0.8 (0.6–1.2)† | 0.32 |
Socio-economic (at baseline) | ||||
No transport available to clinic | 0.6 (0.3–1.1) | 0.09 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.64 |
Unpiped water | 1.8 (0.8–4.1) | 0.15 | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 0.16 |
No flush toilet | 0.7 (0.3–1.3) | 0.25 | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.90 |
Did not run out of food | 1.0 (0.4–2.3) | 0.95 | 1.7 (1.0–2.9) | 0.06 |
No refrigerator | 1.0 (0.3–3.2) | 1.00 | 1.7 (1.1–2.9) | 0.03 |
Infant | ||||
EBF ref: formula | 2.3 (1.0–5.2) | 0.049 | 0.9 (0.6–1.3)† | 0.55 |
MF ref: formula | 3.7 (1.2–11.4) | 0.03 | 1.6 (0.8–2.9)† | 0.18 |
Infant NVP use at 6 weeks | 0.4 (0.1–1.0) | 0.06 | 0.4 (0.2–0.9) | 0.02 |
Infant male gender | 0.8 (1.0–5.6) | 0.06 | 1.3 (0.8–1.9) | 0.24 |
No other infant medication use, other than NVP | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | 0.43 | 1.3 (0.7–2.4) | 0.45 |
Health service access/quality | ||||
Mother not tested for CD4 | 2.7 (1.5–5.6) | 0.002** | 1.3 (0.9–2.0) | 0.18 |
No documentation of maternal HIV-status on infants’ RTHB | 2.2 (1.0–4.7) | 0.04** | 1.5 (0.9–2.4) | 0.09 |
Mother did not receive ARV during pregnancy | 1.2 (0.6–2.4) | 0.56 | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 0.37 |
Birth location not in a clinic | 0.6 (0.4–1.9) | 0.77 | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 0.70 |
*A total of 2240 observations used with 34 events. Wald statistic <0.0001; 2533 observations used with 96 events; Wald statistic=0.0002.
†Time-dependent covariate. All remaining variables were from the baseline interview.
‡Excludes infections detected at 6 weeks post-delivery **p<0.05.
ART, antiretroviral therapy; ARV, antiretroviral drug; MTCT, mother-to-child transmission of HIV,NVP, nevirapine, EBF—exclusive breastfeeding, RTHB—Road-to-Health