Table 3

The association between psychosocial factors and current smoking

Likelihood of current smoking
Rate ratio
Chronic financial stress
No (ref)1
Yes1.36***1.28***
(1.22 to 1.52)(1.14 to 1.44)
Sense of Control Scale
 Mastery1.021.03
(0.97 to 1.07)(0.98 to 1.09)
 Constraints1.16***1.14***
(1.11 to 1.21)(1.09 to 1.19)
Social Support Scale
 Positive0.87*0.93
(0.78 to 0.98)(0.83 to 1.04)
 Negative1.010.91
(0.89 to 1.15)(0.80 to 1.04)
  • Person-wave=19 918; N=11 778.

  • *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.

  • ref, reference.