Multilevel logistic regression estimates (coefficients (95% CI)) of women’s community-level locations of their male intimate partner physical violence) experiences in the past year (Bangladesh violence against women survey 2015; weighted n=32 697 808; unweighted n=14 557, community n=911)
| Residential community characteristics | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 |
| Higher proportions of women are younger than 30 years of age | −0.02 (−0.21 to 0.18) | −0.02 (−0.22 to 0.18) | ||||
| Higher proportions of women have below fifth grade of education | −0.01 (−0.24 to 0.22) | −0.02 (−0.26 to 0.21) | ||||
| Higher proportions of women earn an income | 0.10 (−0.14 to 0.34) | 0.10 (−0.14 to 0.34) | ||||
| Higher proportions of women live in poverty | 0.04 (−0.19 to 0.27) | 0.04 (−0.19 to 0.27) | ||||
| Random effects, between community variance (95% CI) | 0.67 (0.55 to 0.83) | 0.65 (0.53 to 0.79) | 0.65 (0.53 to 0.79) | 0.64 (0.53 to 0.79) | 0.65 (0.53 to 0.79) | 0.64 (0.52 to 0.79) |
| Intraclass correlation (SE) | 0.17 (0.02) | 0.16 (0.01) | 0.16 (0.01) | 0.16 (0.01) | 0.16 (0.01) | 0.16 (0.01) |
| Akaike Information Criterion | 21 800 000 | 21 500 000 | 21 500 000 | 21 500 000 | 21 500 000 | 21 500 000 |
1. N includes currently married women, 15 years or older, who were living with their husbands during the survey in 2015.
2. Communities indicate primary sampling units (PSUs). Minimum, maximum and average number of observations per PSU are 6, 24, and 16, respectively.
3. Basic dataset related information: (A) type of survey and dataset: nationally representative, cross-sectional dataset covering all the then seven divisions of Bangladesh; (B) design: stratified two-stage cluster survey design; (C) year for the survey: 2015; (D) sample: 22 775; successfully interviewed: 21 688 women and girls of 15 years and older; of them, 19 987 respondents were ever-married and 1701 were never married; (E) response rate: 95.2%; (F) survey administrator and owner of the dataset: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), Government of Bangladesh. BBS conducted this survey following the safety and ethical guidelines.4
4. Mean variance adaptive Gauss–Hermite quadrature integration method34 has been used. Unstructured covariance structure estimated all variances and covariances.
5. Model 1 is the null model. Models 2–6 have accounted for women’s individual-level younger age, lower level of education, earning an income, living in poverty, religion, rural location and their husband’s younger age and lower level of education.