Incidence and adjusted sub-HRs of community engagement controlling for competing risk of death
| n=9550; 76 876 person-years Dementia cases: 893 | Adjusted sub-HRs (95% CI) | P for trend |
| Model 1 | ||
| Community cultural engagement | ||
| Less than once a year | 1 (Ref) | <0.001 |
| Once or two times per year | 0.30 (0.24 to0.38) | |
| Every few months or more | 0.23 (0.18 to0.30) | |
| Community group engagement | ||
| Less than once a year | 1 (Ref) | <0.001 |
| Once or two times per year | 0.54 (0.41 to0.70) | |
| Every few months or more | 0.61 (0.49 to0.76) | |
| Model 2 | ||
| Community cultural engagement | ||
| Less than once a year | 1 (Ref) | <0.001 |
| Once or two times per year | 0.37 (0.29 to0.47) | |
| Every few months or more | 0.33 (0.25 to0.43) | |
| Community group engagement | ||
| Less than once a year | 1 (Ref) | 0.003 |
| Once or two times per year | 0.64 (0.50 to0.84) | |
| Every few months or more | 0.79 (0.63 to1.00) | |
| Model 3 | ||
| Community cultural engagement | ||
| Less than once a year | 1 (Ref) | <0.001 |
| Once or two times per year | 0.41 (0.32 to0.52) | |
| Every few months or more | 0.38 (0.29 to0.50) | |
| Community group engagement | ||
| Less than once a year | 1 (Ref) | 0.012 |
| Once or two times per year | 0.69 (0.53 to0.89) | |
| Every few months or more | 0.82 (0.65 to 1.04) | |
| Model 4 | ||
| Community cultural engagement | ||
| Less than once a year | 1 (Ref) | <0.001 |
| Once or two times per year | 0.46 (0.36 to0.59) | |
| Every few months or more | 0.44 (0.33 to0.57) | |
| Community group engagement | ||
| Less than once a year | 1 (Ref) | 0.30 |
| Once or two times per year | 0.81 (0.62 to 1.07) | |
| Every few months or more | 0.94 (0.74 to 1.20) |
Community cultural engagement and group engagement were entered simultaneously into the models so are mutually adjusted. Model 1 unadjusted. Model 2 adjusted for demographic covariates (age, sex, educational attainment, wealth, employment status). Model 3 additionally adjusted for health covariates (depression, eyesight, hearing, cardiovascular conditions, physical activity). Model 4 additionally adjusted for social covariates (marital status, living status, social contact, social network size, perceived loneliness, perceived positive social support, perceived negative social support).