Table 4

Observational and instrumental variable (rs671) analysis for the causal association of alcohol use and other traits

	Observational analysis						IV analysis
	Coef.	Std.	t	P>\|t\|	95% CI_L	95% CI_U	Coef.	Std.	t	P>\|t\|	95% CI_L	95% CI_U
Pooled
BMI	0.15	0.16	0.9	0.348	−0.16	0.46	0.61	0.50	1.22	0.224	−0.37	1.58
Waist	1.01	0.42	2.4	0.016	0.19	1.83	2.58	1.32	1.96	0.05	0.00	5.16
Weight	1.23	0.45	2.7	0.007	0.34	2.12	3.17	1.42	2.22	0.026	0.38	5.96
Height	1.12	0.30	3.7	1.04×10^-4	0.53	1.71	2.12	0.94	2.25	0.024	0.27	3.97
DBP	1.04	0.60	1.7	0.083	−0.14	2.22	7.50	1.92	3.9	9.62×10^-5	3.73	11.26
SBP	0.64	0.90	0.7	0.481	−1.13	2.40	9.46	2.87	3.3	9.67×10^-4	3.84	15.08
TC	0.11	0.05	2.3	0.02	0.02	0.20	0.20	0.14	1.41	0.158	−0.08	0.48
TG	−0.02	0.05	−0.5	0.595	−0.11	0.07	0.08	0.14	0.56	0.575	−0.20	0.36
LDL	0.01	0.04	0.2	0.831	−0.07	0.09	−0.03	0.13	−0.2	0.838	−0.28	0.22
HDL	0.02	0.09	0.2	0.825	−0.16	0.20	−0.47	0.29	−1.63	0.102	−1.04	0.09
Male
BMI	0.04	0.19	0.22	0.83	−0.34	0.42	0.64	0.45	1.43	0.152	−0.24	1.53
Waist	0.36	0.55	0.66	0.511	−0.71	1.44	1.41	1.27	1.12	0.264	−1.07	3.89
Weight	1.08	0.59	1.82	0.07	−0.09	2.25	2.89	1.38	2.1	0.036	0.19	5.58
Height	1.23	0.38	3.24	0.001	0.48	1.98	1.57	0.88	1.79	0.073	−0.15	3.29
DBP	1.49	0.74	2.01	0.044	0.04	0.04	6.72	1.75	3.83	1.28×10^-4	3.28	10.15
SBP	1.87	1.10	1.69	0.092	−0.30	4.03	8.28	2.59	3.2	1.37×10^-3	3.22	13.35
TC	0.09	0.06	1.59	0.112	−0.02	0.20	0.15	0.13	1.16	0.245	−0.10	0.40
TG	−0.05	0.06	−0.8	0.425	−0.16	0.07	0.08	0.14	0.57	0.568	−0.19	0.35
LDL	−0.05	0.05	−1.0	0.338	−0.14	0.05	−0.18	0.11	−1.59	0.113	−0.40	0.04
HDL	0.02	0.17	0.1	0.92	−0.31	0.34	−0.61	0.39	−1.59	0.113	−1.37	0.14
Female
BMI	0.29	0.28	1.04	0.3	−0.26	0.83	0.38	1.55	0.25	0.803	−2.64	3.41
Waist	1.34	0.74	1.8	0.073	−0.12	2.79	3.74	4.15	0.9	0.368	−4.40	11.88
Weight	1.38	0.74	1.85	0.064	−0.08	2.83	3.92	4.16	0.95	0.345	−4.22	12.07
Height	1.03	0.51	2.01	0.045	0.02	2.03	4.12	2.88	1.43	0.152	−1.52	9.76
DBP	0.23	1.04	0.22	0.824	−1.82	2.28	10.28	5.96	1.72	0.085	−1.41	21.96
SBP	−1.85	1.57	−1.2	0.239	−4.94	1.23	13.44	8.99	1.49	0.135	−4.18	31.07
TC	0.09	0.08	1.08	0.282	−0.07	0.24	0.31	0.45	0.69	0.492	−0.57	1.18
TG	−0.07	0.07	−0.9	0.354	−0.21	0.08	−0.02	0.41	−0.06	0.954	−0.82	0.77
LDL	0.08	0.07	1.14	0.256	−0.06	0.23	0.41	0.41	1.03	0.305	−0.38	1.22
HDL	0.07	0.02	2.91	0.004	0.02	0.12	0.01	0.14	0.1	0.917	−0.25	0.28

Coef: coefficient; 95% CI_L: upper limit of 95% CI; 95% CI_U: lower limit of 95% CIDBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high-density lipoprotein;LDL, low-density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure;TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride.