Summary of age and deprivation inequalities as adjusted proportions and ORs of emergency presentations*, in 2006 and 2013; estimation of potentially avoidable (or ’excess') emergency presentations (last column, see footnote and the ’Methods' section)
| Adjusted % | Adjusted OR for 2013 vs 2006† | No. of emergency presentations in 2013 | No. of emergency presentations in 2013 that would be considered potentially avoidable (or ‘excess’), given modest reductions in inequalities‡ | ||
| 2006 | 2013 | ||||
| Age group (years) | |||||
| 25–49 | 16.6 | 16.0 | 0.93 | 3345 | 150 |
| 50–59 | 17.1 | 15.5 | 0.85 | 4961 | 88 |
| 60–69 | 18.2 | 15.4 | 0.78 | 10 414 | – |
| 70–79 | 22.6 | 18.9 | 0.76 | 15 285 | 2861 |
| 80+ | 33.3 | 30.7 | 0.85 | 21 308 | 7935 |
| Total | – | – | – | 55 313 | 11 034 |
| Deprivation | |||||
| Least | 19.9 | 17.9 | 0.76 | 9253 | – |
| Second | 21.5 | 18.9 | 0.73 | 10 836 | 468 |
| Third | 22.6 | 19.9 | 0.73 | 11 605 | 663 |
| Fourth | 24.3 | 21.7 | 0.74 | 11 871 | 989 |
| Most | 26.9 | 23.5 | 0.71 | 11 748 | 962 |
| Total | – | – | – | 55 313 | 3081 |
*Adjusted OR values in this column are derived as described in footnote '†'. Therefore, the presented adjusted OR values (2013 vs 2006) relate to the patient group defined by the reference category of each of the other main effect variables, ie, for each age group, they relate to patients who are male, living in least deprived areas, with colon cancer; and for deprivation group, they relate to patients who are male, aged 60–69 years, with colon cancer.
†Adjusted proportions and ORs estimated from a multivariable logistic regression model where outcome is emergency presentation (vs non- emergency presentation), and independent variables are sex, age group, deprivation, cancer site, year, age group*year, deprivation*year and cancer site*year (year entered as continuous variable both for main and interaction terms). The adjusted proportion in a given year was the predicted proportion of emergency presentations, had the distribution of case-mix variables in that particular year been the same as that observed across all study years (2006–2013).
‡Number of fewer cases of emergency presentations had each age and deprivation group had the same risk of emergency presentation as that of the adjacent group with a lower risk (eg, had those aged 50–59 years in 2006 had the same risk as those aged 25–49 years, ie, 16.5% rather than 17.0%). This was usually the younger age group or lower level deprivation group. However, in 2013, those aged 50–59 years had lower risks than those aged 25–49 years, and those aged 60–69 years had lower risks than those aged 50–59 years.