Variable* | Diabetes status | |||
No diabetes | Total | Previously diagnosed | Screen detected | |
(n=480 130) | (n=30 006) | (n=16 000) | (n=14 006) | |
Age (SD), year | 51.1 (10.6) | 57.2 (9.6) | 58.4 (9.1) | 55.9 (9.9) |
Female, % | 59.0 | 61.7 | 62.3 | 61.0 |
Socioeconomic and lifestyle factors | ||||
Urban resident, % | 43.0 | 60.9 | 65.1 | 55.9 |
≥6 years of education, % | 43.4 | 43.2 | 44.7 | 42.2 |
Household income≥35 000 RMB/year, % | 24.7 | 24.3 | 24.5 | 24.1 |
Ever regular smoking, % | ||||
Male | 67.8 | 66.2 | 64.4 | 67.6 |
Female | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 |
Weekly drinking % | ||||
Male | 33.8 | 29.6 | 21.8 | 36.2 |
Female | 2.1 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 1.9 |
Total physical activity (SD), MET-hours/day | 21.3 (13.9) | 18.8 (11.9) | 17.5 (10.6) | 19.8 (12.9) |
Anthropometry and blood pressure | ||||
Height (SD), cm | 158.6 (8.3) | 158.8 (8.4) | 159.0 (8.3) | 158.5 (8.4) |
BMI (SD), kg/m2 | 23.6 (3.3) | 24.9 (3.6) | 24.6 (3.5) | 25.1 (3.7) |
Waist circumference (SD), cm | 80.0 (9.6) | 84.9 (10.0) | 84.3 (9.8) | 85.3 (10.3) |
Hip circumference (SD), cm | 90.9 (6.8) | 92.2 (7.6) | 91.8 (7.5) | 92.6 (7.7) |
Waist-to-hip ratio (SD) | 0.88 (0.07) | 0.92 (0.07) | 0.92 (0.07) | 0.92 (0.07) |
Per cent body fat (SD) | 27.9 (8.3) | 30.4 (8.7) | 29.4 (8.5) | 31.1 (8.8) |
BMI at age 25 (SD), kg/m2 | 21.9 (2.5) | 22.8 (3.1) | 23.2 (3.2) | 22.5 (2.9) |
SBP (SD), mm Hg | 130.7 (21.0) | 138.6 (22.6) | 137.6 (22.6) | 139.3 (22.7) |
RPG (SD), mmol/L | 5.7 (1.1) | 12.6 (5.6) | 11.8 (5.7) | 13.3 (5.4) |
Prior disease history, % | ||||
CHD | 2.8 | 5.2 | 6.9 | 3.2 |
Stroke or TIA | 1.6 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 2.2 |
Hypertension | 10.8 | 22.5 | 27.8 | 17.4 |
Family history of diabetes | 4.5 | 12.2 | 16.1 | 9.2 |
Family history of cancer | 13.9 | 14.1 | 15.1 | 13.3 |
*Results were adjusted for age, region and sex (where appropriate). 1 mmol/L=18 mg/dL.
BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; MET, metabolic equivalent of task; RPG, random plasma glucose; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TIA, transient ischaemic attack.