Characteristics of the study population at baseline. The CRONICAS Cohort Study
| Variables | Lima | Urban Puno | Rural Puno | Tumbes | ||||
| Women | Men | Women | Men | Women | Men | Women | Men | |
| Age | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| Mean (SD) | 55.3 (11.9) | 55.1 (12.2) | 55.9 (12.4) | 55.4 (12.6) | 56.3 (12.7) | 56.9 (13.1) | 55.6 (13.0) | 56.2 (13.7) |
| <45 | 22.5 | 25.4 | 24.2 | 25.2 | 21.9 | 22.0 | 25.6 | 25.1 |
| 45–54 | 29.0 | 25.4 | 23.2 | 25.6 | 26.5 | 24.3 | 23.9 | 24.7 |
| 55–64 | 24.7 | 25.6 | 26.6 | 24.8 | 26.5 | 24.6 | 25.8 | 24.9 |
| ≥65 | 23.8 | 24.2 | 26.0 | 24.5 | 25.2 | 29.1 | 24.7 | 25.4 |
| Education | n=542 | n=503 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=510 |
| Primary/less | 55.4 | 29.8 | 24.2 | 6.9 | 78.4 | 48.5 | 61.1 | 50.2 |
| Secondary | 29.9 | 50.1 | 29.1 | 24.5 | 20.3 | 39.1 | 27.9 | 33.8 |
| Higher | 14.8 | 20.1 | 46.7 | 68.6 | 1.3 | 12.3 | 11.0 | 17.1 |
| Wealth index | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| Bottom | 15.1 | 8.7 | 30.8 | 16.4 | 83.9 | 59.3 | 36.2 | 32.9 |
| Middle | 39.7 | 33.7 | 27.3 | 25.6 | 15.2 | 36.2 | 38.9 | 39.1 |
| Top | 45.2 | 57.5 | 41.9 | 58.0 | 1.0 | 4.5 | 24.9 | 28.0 |
| Physical activity | n=542 | n=503 | n=287 | n=274 | n=310 | n=267 | n=519 | n=511 |
| Low | 24.5 | 13.5 | 28.6 | 13.9 | 31.9 | 18.7 | 70.5 | 37.8 |
| Moderate | 62.9 | 58.1 | 61.7 | 68.6 | 57.4 | 66.7 | 27.2 | 53.4 |
| High | 12.6 | 28.4 | 9.8 | 17.5 | 10.7 | 14.6 | 2.3 | 8.8 |
| TV watching (hours) | n=542 | n=503 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=267 | n=519 | n=511 |
| <2 | 56.1 | 46.9 | 54.3 | 53.7 | 88.7 | 82.8 | 49.5 | 48.7 |
| ≥2 | 43.9 | 53.1 | 45.7 | 46.4 | 11.3 | 17.2 | 50.5 | 51.3 |
| Current smoker | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=309 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| No | 95.2 | 75.6 | 94.1 | 84.3 | 97.7 | 89.2 | 97.1 | 79.3 |
| Yes | 4.8 | 24.5 | 5.9 | 15.7 | 2.3 | 10.8 | 2.9 | 20.7 |
| Heavy drinker | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| No | 99.6 | 88.9 | 98.3 | 88.3 | 98.7 | 95.2 | 100.0 | 88.3 |
| Yes | 0.4 | 11.1 | 1.7 | 11.7 | 1.3 | 4.9 | 0.0 | 11.7 |
| Fruits and vegetables | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=266 | n=519 | n=511 |
| <5/day | 91.9 | 94.8 | 91.7 | 94.9 | 98.4 | 97.7 | 98.5 | 99.0 |
| ≥5/day | 8.1 | 5.2 | 8.3 | 5.1 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 1.0 |
| BMI categories | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| Underweight | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 0.4 | 0.8 |
| Normal | 19.9 | 26.2 | 23.9 | 22.6 | 45.2 | 61.9 | 18.5 | 29.9 |
| Overweight | 39.3 | 51.2 | 40.1 | 59.1 | 37.7 | 32.8 | 42.0 | 45.4 |
| Obesity | 40.4 | 22.4 | 35.0 | 17.9 | 15.8 | 3.7 | 39.1 | 23.9 |
| BMI | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| Mean (SD) | 29.2 (5.0) | 27.5 (3.8) | 28.5 (5.0) | 27.3 (3.4) | 25.7 (4.2) | 24.4 (3.0) | 29.3 (5.0) | 27.3 (4.2) |
| Central obesity | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| No | 11.8 | 38.7 | 19.7 | 28.5 | 42.3 | 63.4 | 6.6 | 29.4 |
| Yes | 88.2 | 61.3 | 80.3 | 71.5 | 57.7 | 36.6 | 93.5 | 70.7 |
| Waist circumference | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| Mean (SD) | 91.9 (10.8) | 93.0 (10.2) | 90.6 (12.0) | 95.0 (9.0) | 83.0 (12.2) | 87.0 (8.9) | 94.2 (10.1) | 94.9 (10.2) |
| Height | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| Mean (SD) | 148.8 (5.8) | 161.0 (6.4) | 150.4 (6.0) | 163.7 (6.0) | 149.8 (5.4) | 161.2 (6.1) | 151.9 (5.8) | 164.7 (6.3) |
| Weight | n=542 | n=504 | n=289 | n=274 | n=310 | n=268 | n=519 | n=511 |
| Mean (SD) | 64.8 (11.9) | 71.3 (11.7) | 64.4 (12.1) | 73.1 (10.5) | 57.7 (10.7) | 63.5 (9.9) | 67.7 (12.9) | 74.0 (12.8) |
Percentages are presented for categorical variables. Regarding numerical variables (BMI, height and weight) the mean (SD) is presented.
BMI, body mass index.