Table 4

The association between the cumulative measure of economic insecurity (using financial strain) and metabolic, inflammatory, liver and kidney function biomarkers in Understanding Society

	Total cholesterol	HDL-cholesterol	Triglycerides	HbA1c	CRP	Fibrinogen	GGT	Creatinine	Urea
	Coefficient	Coefficient	Coefficient	Coefficient	Coefficient	Coefficient	Coefficient	Coefficient	Coefficient
	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]	[95% CI]
1†	1.001	0.964**	1.072**	1.002	1.077	1.008	0.994	1.003	1.001
	[0.985 to 1.017]	[0.942 to 0.986]	[1.025 to 1.122]	[0.990 to 1.014]	[0.994 to 1.168]	[0.990 to 1.026]	[0.943 to 1.047]	[0.990 to 1.016]	[0.982 to 1.019]
2	1.003	0.960***	1.018	1.017**	1.080	1.021*	1.026	1.006	0.993
	[0.987 to 1.020]	[0.938 to 0.983]	[0.970 to 1.067]	[1.004 to 1.030]	[0.996 to 1.172]	[1.004 to 1.038]	[0.970 to 1.085]	[0.992 to 1.020]	[0.971 to 1.015]
3	1.022	0.923***	1.111**	1.031**	1.208***	1.029*	1.066	0.995	0.983
	[0.999 to 1.047]	[0.894 to 0.953]	[1.043 to 1.182]	[1.012 to 1.050]	[1.080 to 1.352]	[1.004 to 1.054]	[0.989 to 1.148]	[0.976 to 1.013]	[0.956 to 1.010]
4	0.992	0.943**	1.046	1.049**	1.240***	1.034*	0.993	0.987	0.980
	[0.964 to 1.022]	[0.904 to 0.984]	[0.975 to 1.123]	[1.017 to 1.082]	[1.095 to 1.406]	[1.006 to 1.063]	[0.908 to 1.085]	[0.960 to 1.014]	[0.945 to 1.016]
N	6385	6377	6387	6124	5963	5866	6350	6396	6398

Linear regression models calculated using logged dependent variables, with exponentiated coefficients shown. 95% CI in brackets.
Model adjusted for age, sex, education level, marital status, employment status, social class, household income quintile, limiting long-standing illness, self-reported health and GHQ caseness.
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
†Reference is no economic insecurity.
CRP, C reactive protein; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; GHQ, General Health Questionnaire; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.