Association between perceived control and risk of death from all causes
| Men | Women | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Czech Republic | Poland | p Value for interaction (CZ × PL) | Czech Republic and Poland | p Value for interaction (3 countries) | Russia | Czech Republic | Poland | p Value for interaction (2 countries) | Czech Republic and Poland | p Value for interaction (3 countries) | Russia | |
| HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | |||||
| Model 1 | ||||||||||||
| Very high | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.5824 | 1.00 | 0.0008 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.8871 | 1.00 | 0.5814 | 1.00 |
| High | 1.27 (0.85 to 1.89) | 1.16 (0.86 to 1.57) | 1.20 (0.94 to 1.52) | 1.00 (0.73 to 1.36) | 1.16 (0.66 to 2.05) | 1.45 (0.96 to 2.19) | 1.34 (0.96 to 1.87) | 0.97 (0.57 to 1.62) | ||||
| Moderate | 1.58 (1.09 to 2.30) | 1.44 (1.08 to 1.93) | 1.50 (1.19 to 1.88) | 1.16 (0.88 to 1.52) | 1.32 (0.74 to 2.33) | 1.30 (0.84 to 2.01) | 1.31 (0.93 to 1.85) | 1.04 (0.64 to 1.68) | ||||
| Low | 2.15 (1.50 to 3.09) | 1.75 (1.32 to 2.32) | 1.91 (1.53 to 2.38) | 1.17 (0.90 to 1.52) | 1.58 (0.93 to 2.70) | 1.88 (1.24 to 2.84) | 1.75 (1.26 to 2.43) | 0.98 (0.61 to 1.58) | ||||
| Very low | 2.58 (1.82 to 3.65) | 2.79 (2.12 to 3.67) | 2.65 (2.14 to 3.29) | 1.35 (1.05 to 1.75) | 2.68 (1.62 to 4.44) | 2.72 (1.82 to 4.06) | 2.75 (2.02 to 3.76) | 1.58 (1.01 to 2.47) | ||||
| p Value for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.0071 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.0061 | ||||
| Model 2 | ||||||||||||
| Very high | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.5008 | 1.00 | 0.0025 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.8520 | 1.00 | 0.6361 | 1.00 |
| High | 1.10 (0.73 to 1.66) | 1.10 (0.81 to 1.50) | 1.10 (0.86 to 1.40) | 0.97 (0.72 to 1.32) | 1.29 (0.70 to 2.37) | 1.30 (0.86 to 1.97) | 1.29 (0.91 to 1.81) | 0.95 (0.57 to 1.60) | ||||
| Moderate | 1.29 (0.88 to 1.90) | 1.24 (0.92 to 1.67) | 1.27 (1.00 to 1.60) | 1.08 (0.82 to 1.42) | 1.19 (0.64 to 2.24) | 1.07 (0.69 to 1.66) | 1.10 (0.77 to 1.58) | 0.98 (0.60 to 1.60) | ||||
| Low | 1.70 (1.17 to 2.47) | 1.38 (1.04 to 1.85) | 1.50 (1.20 to 1.89) | 1.07 (0.82 to 1.40) | 1.39 (0.77 to 2.50) | 1.54 (1.01 to 2.34) | 1.45 (1.03 to 2.04) | 0.91 (0.56 to 1.46) | ||||
| Very low | 1.86 (1.30 to 2.68) | 2.16 (1.63 to 2.86) | 2.00 (1.60 to 2.49) | 1.09 (0.84 to 1.41) | 2.41 (1.38 to 4.19) | 2.07 (1.37 to 3.12) | 2.23 (1.61 to 3.09) | 1.42 (0.91 to 2.21) | ||||
| p Value for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.4233 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.0327 | ||||
| Model 3 | ||||||||||||
| Very high | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.7238 | 1.00 | 0.0362 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.8198 | 1.00 | 0.9196 | 1.00 |
| High | 0.88 (0.55 to 1.41) | 1.12 (0.80 to 1.56) | 1.03 (0.79 to 1.35) | 0.94 (0.69 to 1.28) | 1.11 (0.57 to 2.17) | 1.18 (0.75 to 1.85) | 1.14 (0.78 to 1.65) | 0.91 (0.54 to 1.54) | ||||
| Moderate | 1.16 (0.75 to 1.78) | 1.10 (0.79 to 1.54) | 1.15 (0.88 to 1.49) | 1.08 (0.81 to 1.42) | 1.11 (0.55 to 2.23) | 1.02 (0.63 to 1.64) | 1.03 (0.69 to 1.52) | 0.93 (0.57 to 1.52) | ||||
| Low | 1.40 (0.92 to 2.13) | 1.44 (1.05 to 1.98) | 1.43 (1.11 to 1.84) | 1.01 (0.77 to 1.31) | 1.26 (0.66 to 2.42) | 1.29 (0.81 to 2.05) | 1.26 (0.87 to 1.84) | 0.85 (0.53 to 1.38) | ||||
| Very low | 1.54 (1.03 to 2.32) | 1.87 (1.36 to 2.56) | 1.71 (1.34 to 2.19) | 1.03 (0.79 to 1.34) | 1.86 (1.00 to 3.43) | 1.47 (0.92 to 2.34) | 1.63 (1.14 to 2.35) | 1.29 (0.82 to 2.02) | ||||
| p Value for trend | 0.0024 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.7503 | 0.0101 | 0.0913 | 0.0028 | 0.0867 | ||||
Model 1: adjusted for age.
Model 2: adjusted for age, education, marital status, occupational status, history of CVD and history of cancer.
Model 3: adjusted for age, education, marital status, occupational status, history of CVD, history of cancer, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes and alcohol intake.
CVD, cardiovascular disease.