Table 3

Rate ratios and 95% CIs quantifying yearly trends in all-cause, premature and avoidable mortality, by sex and immigration status, Ontario, Canada, 2002–2012

	Females				Males
	Long-term residents		Immigrants		Long-term residents		Immigrants
Cause of death; year	RR*	95% CI	RR*	95% CI	RR*	95% CI	RR*	95% CI
All-cause
2012	0.87	0.82 to 0.91	0.89	0.81 to 0.98	0.87	0.82 to 0.91	0.89	0.82 to 0.98
2007	0.94	0.89 to 0.99	0.98	0.89 to 1.08	0.95	0.90 to 1.00	0.98	0.90 to 1.08
p-interaction†	0.61				0.94
Amenable to medical care and public health
2012	0.67	0.60 to 0.74	0.72	0.50 to 1.06	0.70	0.65 to 0.75	0.72	0.58 to 0.91
2007	0.83	0.75 to 0.92	0.77	0.52 to 1.15	0.84	0.79 to 0.90	0.86	0.68 to 1.09
p-interaction†	0.34				0.88
Amenable to medical care
2012	0.81	0.76 to 0.86	1.07	0.88 to 1.31	0.84	0.77 to 0.92	0.89	0.69 to 1.14
2007	0.94	0.89 to 1.00	1.25	1.02 to 1.53	0.96	0.88 to 1.04	0.88	0.68 to 1.15
p-interaction†	0.15				0.92
Amenable to public health
2012	0.90	0.85 to 0.96	1.00	0.73 to 1.37	0.81	0.76 to 0.86	0.94	0.75 to 1.17
2007	0.97	0.92 to 1.04	0.93	0.66 to 1.30	0.93	0.87 to 0.99	1.04	0.83 to 1.30
p-interaction†	0.94				0.45
Premature mortality
2012	0.86	0.82 to 0.90	0.99	0.88 to 1.11	0.87	0.83 to 0.91	0.91	0.83 to 1.01
2007	0.94	0.90 to 0.98	1.05	0.93 to 1.18	0.96	0.92 to 1.00	0.97	0.88 to 1.07
p-interaction†	0.21				0.37

Data for all years from 2002 to 2012 are not shown.
Models were adjusted for age and income quintile.
*Reference year was 2002.
†Interaction was assessed between year and immigration status.
CI, confidence interval; RR, rate ratio.