Table 3

Results of models predicting Kessler-10 Distress Scale scores, conditional on familial attendance of a residential school

Kessler-10 Distress ScaleModel 1
B (95% CI)
Model 2
B (95% CI)
Model 3
B (95% CI)
Model 4
B (95% CI)
FA of RS1.242* (1.041 to 1.483)0.933** (0.392 to 1.474)1.073 (0.867 to 1.328)1.002 (0.792 to 1.267)
Male−1.314*** (−1.770 to −0.857)1.114 (0.919 to 1.352)1.253* (1.023 to 1.535)
Younger age (reference)
Middle age−0.561,* (−1.064 to −0.057)0.872 (0.704 to 1.082)0.646*** (0.509 to 0.820)
Older age−1.724*** (−2.452 to −0.997)0.513*** (0.362 to 0.726)0.387*** (0.268 to 0.559)
First Nations0.197 (−0.359 to 0.752)1.090 (0.867 to 1.370)1.129 (0.879 to 1.451)
Inuit−0.686 (−1.452 to 0.079)0.932 (0.664 to 1.309)0.857 (0.552 to 1.332)
Métis (reference)
Marital status (married)0.619*** (0.509 to 0.754)0.653*** (0.527 to 0.808)
Living in an urban area0.860 (0.705 to 1.048)0.854 (0.684 to 1.066)
Educational attainment0.624*** (0.507 to 0.769)0.738** (0.592 to 0.923)
Income (below LICO-AT)1.524** (1.196 to 1.942)1.143 (0.866 to 1.509)
Labour force status (employed)0.533*** (0.430 to 0.661)0.643*** (0.504 to 0.820)
Presence of minors in home0.885** (0.807 to 0.970)0.885* (0.798 to 0.981)
Major repairs needed to home2.122*** (1.586 to 2.840)
Food insecurity3.114*** (2.321 to 4.178)
Regular alcohol use0.871 (0.704 to 1.078)
Daily tobacco use1.375** (1.104 to 1.711)
  • *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.

  • FA, family attendance; LICO-AT, low-income after-tax cut-offs; RS, residential school.