Relative risk ratios† for incident prefrailty or frailty according to intelligence and socioeconomic circumstances in childhood
| Model | Relative risk ratios (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Prefrailty | Frailty | ||
| 1 | Intelligence at age 11, per SD decrease | 1.25 (1.08 to 1.45)** | 1.57 (1.21 to 2.03)*** |
| 2 | Father's social class | 1.12 (0.97 to 1.30) | 1.48 (1.12 to 1.96)** |
| 3 | Environmental deprivation at age 11, per SD increase | 1.01 (0.78 to 1.31) | 0.81 (0.46 to 1.40) |
| 4 | Intelligence at age 11, per SD decrease | 1.23 (1.06 to 1.44)** | 1.48 (1.14 to 1.93)** |
| Father's social class | 1.07 (0.92 to 1.25) | 1.36 (1.02 to 1.82)* | |
| 5 | Intelligence at age 11, per SD decrease | 1.16 (0.98 to 1.37) | 1.13 (0.83 to 1.54) |
| Father's social class | 1.04 (0.89 to 1.21) | 1.19 (0.86 to 1.61) | |
| Highest social class in adulthood | 1.14 (0.95 to 1.38) | 1.33 (0.91 to 1.54) | |
| Highest educational qualification | 1.00 (0.87 to 1.15) | 0.70 (0.52 to 0.96)* | |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| Ex | 1.32 (0.97 to 1.79) | 1.10 (0.59 to 2.03) | |
| Current | 1.35 (0.84 to 2.15) | 1.68 (0.75 to 3.70) | |
| Units of alcohol per week | |||
| None | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| ≤21 (men)/≤14 (women) | 0.77 (0.52 to to 1.13) | 0.48 (0.25 to 0.95)* | |
| ≥22 (men)/≥15 (women) | 0.74 (0.44 to 1.17) | 0.50 (0.20 to 1.23) | |
***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05.
†All models are adjusted for sex.