Table 4

Results of GEE models predicting fruit and vegetable intake from major depression, Canada, 2002/2003–2010/2011

Crude modelModel 2Model 3
B95% CIB95% CIB95% CI
Depression−0.01−0.31 to 0.11−0.27−0.42 to −0.11−0.10−0.22 to 0.02
Age0.010.00 to 0.020.010.004 to 0.02
Sex*1.020.95 to 1.081.051.01 to 1.09
History of depression−0.06−0.20 to 0.070.04−0.11 to 0.18
SES† 20.060.02 to 0.110.02−0.02 to 0.06
30.240.17 to 0.310.170.11 to 0.24
40.380.33 to 0.440.250.19 to 0.31
Education‡0.600.50 to 0.710.550.45 to 0.64
Chronic disease0.07−0.03 to 0.140.06−0.01 to 0.13
Binge drinking−0.32−0.58 to −0.06−0.26−0.49 to −0.04
Obesity−0.01−0.09 to 0.070.05−0.02 to 0.11
Social support0.010.01 to 0.01
Smoking–daily−0.62−0.74 to −0.49
Smoking–occasional−0.11−0.26 to 0.04
Energy expenditure0.160.14 to 0.19
  • *Reference category=male.

  • †SES operationalised as quartile of income/LICO ratio, with the lowest quartile as the reference category.

  • ‡Reference category=no postsecondary.

  • GEE, generalised estimating equation; LICO, low income cut-off; SES, socioeconomic status.