Estimated direct and indirect effects of poverty in childhood mediated through maternal birth weight, smoking and body mass index (BMI) in adulthood (CI 95%)
| Mean difference: offspring of poor mother in childhood vs offspring of non-poor mother in childhood | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Mediator | Total effect | Direct effect | Indirect effect |
| Outcome: offspring birth weight in g | |||
| Maternal birth weight | −366.5 (−587.8 to −145.1) | −375.0 (−597.9 to −152.1) | 8.6 (132.7 to −115.6) |
| Maternal BMI in 2004 | −276.7 (−507.2 to −46.1) | −328.6 (−553.8 to −103.4) | 51.9 (190.4 to −86.6) |
| Maternal smoking in 2004 | −376.6 (−594.8 to −158.4) | −328.3 (−547.0 to −109.6) | −48.3 (−163.3 to 66.8) |
| Outcome: offspring birth length in cm | |||
| Maternal birth weight | −0.74 (−1.77 to 0.29) | −0.84 (−1.87 to 0.18) | 0.11 (0.67 to −0.46) |
| Maternal BMI in 2004 | −1.01 (−2.08 to 0.06) | −1.38 (−2.47 to 0.29) | 0.37 (0.96 to −0.22) |
| Maternal smoking in 2004 | −1.13 (−2.20 to −0.06) | −1.13 (−2.20 to −0.06) | 0.00 (−0.55 to 0.54) |
| Outcome: offspring head circumference in cm | |||
| Maternal birth weight | −0.70 (−1.44 to 0.04) | −0.45 (−1.19 to 0.29) | −0.25 (−0.64 to 0.14) |
| Maternal BMI in 2004 | −0.73 (−1.49 to 0.04) | −0.80 (−1.58 to 0.02) | 0.08 (0.49 to −0.34) |
| Maternal smoking in 2004 | −1.06 (−1.84 to −0.27) | −1.04 (−1.82 to −0.26) | −0.02 (−0.40 to 0.36) |
| Outcome: offspring gestational age in weeks | |||
| Maternal birth weight | −1.64 (−2.69 to −0.59) | −1.64 (−2.69 to 0.59) | 0.00 (−0.56 to 0.56) |
| Maternal BMI in 2004 | −2.21 (−3.27 to −1.16) | −1.60 (−2.67 to −0.54) | −0.61 (−1.20 to −0.01) |
| Maternal smoking in 2004 | −2.08 (−3.14 to −1.03) | −2.24 (−3.30 to −1.18) | 0.16 (−0.39 to 0.71) |