Table 3

Multivariable logistic regression per country with death at home versus in hospital as dependent variable*†

Odds ratio (95% CI)
FRITESBENLCZENGWALNZUSCAMXKR
N=202 245N=92 257N=24 079N=33 392N=24.219N=33 161N=98 453N=7553N=6569N=756 762N=27 159N=121 769N=91 603
Cause of death
 Cancer (vs other life-limiting illness)0.49
(0.48 to 0.50)		1.12
(1.09 to 1.14)		0.78
(0.74 to 0.83)		0.94
(0.89 to 0.99)		2.36
(2.24 to 2.49)		0.79
(0.73 to 0.85)		1.96
(1.90 to 2.01)		2.16
(1.93 to 2.41)		2.71
(2.40 to 3.06)		2.15
(2.13 to 2.17)		1.34
(1.27 to 1.41)		1.70
(1.65 to 1.74)		0.68
(0.65 to 0.71)
Sex
 Female (vs male)1.15
(1.13 to 1.18)		1.22
(1.19 to 1.24)		1.21
(1.14 to 1.28)		1.02
(0.97 to 1.07)		1.03
(0.99 to 1.08)		0.94
(0.89 to 1.00)		1.04
(1.02 to 1.07)		1.04
(0.95 to 1.14)		1.13
(1.02 to 1.25)		1.08
(1.07 to 1.09)		1.02
(0.98 to 1.07)		1.11
(1.09 to 1.14)		0.89
(0.85 to 0.93)
Age
 1–690.63
(0.61 to 0.65)		0.56
(0.55 to 0.58)		0.36
(0.33 to 0.39)		0.93
(0.88 to 0.99)		0.99
(0.94 to 1.04)		0.95
(0.89 to 1.03)		1.45
(1.41 to 1.50)		1.48
(1.30 to 1.69)		1.47
(1.30 to 1.67)		0.74
(0.73 to 0.74)		1.34
(1.28 to 1.42)		0.32
(0.31 to 0.33)		0.46
(0.44 to 0.49)
 70–790.70
(0.68 to 0.72)		0.69
(0.68 to 0.71)		0.59
(0.55 to 0.63)		0.85
(0.80 to 0.90)		0.85
(0.81 to 0.90)		0.92
(0.85 to 1.00)		1.21
(1.17 to 1.25)		1.17
(1.02 to 1.34)		1.20
(1.05 to 1.36)		0.85
(0.84 to 0.86)		1.10
(1.04 to 1.16)		0.56
(0.54 to 0.57)		0.82
(0.78 to 0.86)
 ≥80RefRefRefRefRefRefRefRefRefRefRefRefRef
Marital status‡
 Married (vs unmarried/widowed/divorced)1.13
(1.10 to 1.15)		1.28
(1.25 to 1.31)		1.10
(1.03 to 1.16)		1.58
(1.50 to 1.66)		1.51
(1.45 to 1.58)		1.17
(1.10 to 1.25)		1.53
(1.49 to 1.57)		1.71
(1.55 to 1.88)		/1.13
(1.12 to 1.14)		1.21
(1.16 to 1.27)		1.00
(0.97 to 1.02)		1.25
(1.20 to 1.31)
Urbanisation§,
 Rural0.93
(0.91 to 0.96)		1.42
(1.39 to 1.45)		1.76
(1.57 to 1.97)		1.75
(1.63 to 1.88)		1.40
(1.34 to 1.47)		/1.31
(1.20 to 1.43)		0.98
(0.85 to 1.14)		//0.87
(0.82 to 0.92)¶		/1.27
(1.20 to 1.34)
 Average0.86
(0.84 to 0.88)		1.22
(1.19 to 1.25)		1.78
(1.67 to 1.88)		1.47
(1.39 to 1.55)		1.14
(1.08 to 1.21)		/1.25
(1.22 to 1.29)		1.13
(1.02 to 1.26)		////0.79
(0.73 to 0.85)
 StrongRefRefRefRefRef/RefRef//Ref/Ref
Healthcare availability
 LTC beds/1000
(65+)		1.00
(1.00 to 1.00)		1.06
(1.06 to 1.07)		1.00
(1.00 to 1.01)		1.00
(1.00 to 1.00)		1.00
(1.00 to 1.00)		**1.01
(1.00 to 1.01)		no variation1.00
(1.00 to 1.01)		1.00
(1.00 to 1.00)		1.02
(1.02 to 1.03)		/**
 Hospital beds/10000.80
(0.78 to 0.82)		0.03
(0.03 to 0.03)		1.12
(1.02 to 1.22)		0.90
(0.87 to 0.92)		1.08
(1.02 to 1.15)		**0.91
(0.88 to 0.95)		0.87
(0.80 to 0.94)		0.86
(0.77 to 0.97)		0.88
(0.87 to 0.89)		0.26
(0.23 to 0.29)		0.09
(0.08 to 0.10)		**
 GPs/10 0001.31
(1.30 to 1.33)		2.89
(2.74 to 3.04)		1.02
(1.01 to 1.03)		0.99
(0.99 to 1.00)		0.98
(0.89 to 1.07)		**1.05
(1.01 to 1.09)		0.98
(0.81 to 1.20)		0.98
(0.95 to 1.01)		0.96
(0.96 to 0.96)		1.71
(1.62 to 1.79)		1.13
(1.13 to 1.14)		**

  • *Hungary not included in analysis because home was not registered as a place of death.

  • †N per country may not be equal to the total population due to missing data for certain independent variables.

  • ‡Marital status was not recorded on death certificates in New Zealand.

  • §Degree of urbanisation per region of residence was not available in the Czech Republic, New Zealand, USA and Mexico.

  • ¶ For Canada, only 2° of urbanisation are available (urban and rural). The reference category for the OR in Canada is ‘urban’.

  • **Not included in the model as only one nationally aggregated value was available.

  • BE, Belgium; CA, Canada; CZ, the Czech Republic; ES, Spain (Andalusia); ENG, England; FR, France; GPs, general practitioners/primary care physicians/family physicians; IT, Italy; KR, South Korea; LTC, long-term care; MX, Mexico; NL, Netherlands; NZ, New Zealand; US, USA; WAL, Wales.