Crude ORs for the association between enrolment in the Disease Management Programme for coronary heart diseases and individual-level, practice-level and area-level variables obtained from cross-classified multilevel logistic regression models
| Crude OR | 95% CI | N* | Practice N | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual-level exposure | ||||
| Education (Ref. I, lowest) | ||||
| II | 0.98 | (0.65 to 1.48) | 1241 | 382 |
| III (highest) | 1.45 | (0.97 to 2.15) | ||
| Sociodemographics | ||||
| Age group (Ref: 55–64) | ||||
| 65–74 | 1.33 | (0.88 to 1.99) | 1241 | 382 |
| 75–84 | 1.04 | (0.68 to 1.59) | ||
| Male (Ref: female) | 1.98 | (1.50 to 2.62) | 1241 | 382 |
| Behavioural risk factors | ||||
| Hypercholesterolaemia (yes vs no) | 1.20 | (0.89 to 1.60) | 1160 | 368 |
| Body mass index (Ref: normal/underweight) | ||||
| Overweight/preobese | 1.11 | (0.80 to 1.55) | 1202 | 378 |
| Obese class I+II | 0.91 | (0.62 to 1.32) | ||
| Obese class III | 1.10 | (0.44 to 2.79) | ||
| Smoking status (Ref: never smoker) | ||||
| Former | 1.29 | (0.97 to 1.73) | 1037 | 358 |
| Current | 1.15 | (0.68 to 1.94) | ||
| Alcohol consumption (Ref: abstainers)† | ||||
| DI | 1.58 | (1.15 to 2.17) | 920 | 335 |
| DII | 1.18 | (0.53 to 2.66) | ||
| DIII | 1.88 | (0.52 to 6.76) | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics—severity index‡ | 1.45 | (1.05 to 2.00) | 1032 | 334 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| Immigration background (yes vs no) | 1.37 | (0.86 to 2.18) | 1234 | 381 |
| Social situation | ||||
| Certified and approved need of long-term care (yes vs no) | 0.49 | (0.21 to 1.13) | 964 | 346 |
| Living in a partnership (yes vs no) | 1.20 | (0.86 to 1.68) | 949 | 347 |
| Social contacts (Ref.: 0–1 contacts) | ||||
| 2–4 | 1.36 | (0.87 to 2.11) | 958 | 345 |
| 5–10 and more | 1.15 | (0.72 to 1.84) | ||
| Practice-level variables | ||||
| Male general practitioner (vs female) | 0.97 | (0.68 to 1.40) | 1204 | 365 |
| Area-level variables | ||||
| Regional deprivation (Ref.: T1, lowest deprivation)§ | ||||
| T2 | 0.62 | (0.37 to 1.04) | 1241 | 382 |
| T3 (highest deprivation) | 0.74 | (0.44 to 1.24) | ||
| Degree of urbanisation (Ref: rural) | ||||
| Urban cluster | 0.90 | (0.59 to 1.35) | 1241 | 382 |
| High-density cluster | 0.60 | (0.28 to 1.30) | ||
Municipality N=52. N: sample size/individuals. ORs, obtained from bivariate cross-classified multilevel logistic regression models. CI, calculated using SEs that account for the cross-classified nature of the data. Random part omitted. Ref: Reference category. Bold figures: indicate ORs that are significantly different from 1.
*Difference to N=1280 due to missing data in predictors and/or missing data for the cross-classification variable ‘GP-practice by municipality’.
†Alcohol consumption in g/day: DI: female: 0–19.99; male: 0–39.99. DII: female: 20–39.99; male: 40–59.99. DIII: female: >40.0; male: >60.0.
‡Cumulative Illness Rating Scale (CIRS)—severity index: The OR shows the effect on the propensity of enrolment of a one unit difference in the CIRS-severity index, comparing patients with a higher index with patients with a lower index.
§Regional deprivation tertiles (T1-T3) refer to the deprivation of the patient-residential area.