Incidence and hazard risks for dementia and dementia-associated risk factors
| HR (95% CI) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Event no | Person-years | Incidence† | Crude | Adjusted | |
| Asthma | |||||
| No | 1777 | 423 106 | 4.20 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 560 | 109 248 | 5.13 | 1.22 (1.11 to 1.34)*** | 1.27 (1.15 to 1.41)*** |
| Age, year | |||||
| 20–64 | 373 | 396 122 | 0.94 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 65+ | 1964 | 136 232 | 14.42 | 15.9 (14.3 to 17.8)*** | 11.1 (9.86 to 12.5)*** |
| Gender | |||||
| Women | 1209 | 296 146 | 4.08 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Men | 1128 | 236 208 | 4.78 | 1.18 (1.08 to 1.28)*** | 0.90 (0.83 to 0.97)* |
| Comorbidity | |||||
| Atrial fibrillation | |||||
| No | 22 266 | 529 341 | 4.28 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 71 | 3013 | 23.56 | 5.67 (4.47 to 7.18)*** | 1.50 (1.17 to 1.91)** |
| Hypertension | |||||
| No | 1697 | 449 893 | 3.77 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 640 | 82 461 | 7.76 | 2.07 (1.89 to 2.26)*** | 1.16 (1.05 to 1.28)** |
| Hyperlipidaemia | |||||
| No | 772 | 375 852 | 2.05 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 1565 | 156 502 | 10.00 | 4.95 (4.54 to 5.39)*** | 1.13 (1.02 to 1.24)* |
| Diabetes | |||||
| No | 1802 | 481 768 | 3.74 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 535 | 50 586 | 10.58 | 2.87 (2.61 to 3.16)*** | 1.26 (1.14 to 1.40)*** |
| Heart failure | |||||
| No | 2185 | 522 603 | 4.18 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 152 | 9751 | 15.59 | 3.85 (3.27 to 4.54)*** | 0.95 (0.80 to 1.12) |
| Stroke | |||||
| No | 2072 | 519 263 | 3.99 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 265 | 13 091 | 20.24 | 5.29 (4.66 to 6.02)*** | 1.59 (1.39 to 1.81)*** |
| Head injury | |||||
| No | 2110 | 500 445 | 4.22 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 227 | 31 909 | 7.11 | 1.70 (1.48 to 1.95)*** | 1.31 (1.14 to 1.50)*** |
| Annual OPD visits | |||||
| <30 | 1165 | 403 225 | 2.89 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 30+ | 1172 | 129 129 | 9.08 | 3.18 (2.93 to 3.44)*** | 1.43 (1.31 to 1.56)*** |
| Medicine | |||||
| Inhaled corticosteroids‡ | |||||
| No | 2167 | 477 581 | 4.54 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 170 | 54 773 | 3.10 | 0.68 (0.59 to 0.80)*** | 0.47 (0.40 to 0.560*** |
| Oral corticosteroids | |||||
| No | 360 | 75 322 | 4.78 | 1.00 | – |
| Yes | 1977 | 457 033 | 4.33 | 0.90 (0.81 to 1.01) | – |
*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.
†Per 1000 Person-years.
‡Included Symbicort, Seretide and Foster.
OPD, outpatient department.