Table 1

Characteristics of the study population by infant HIV exposure status, South Africa, 2010

HIV-unexposed infant n=7071
Nw=875 220 (weighted)
HIV-exposed infant n=3107
Nw=412 634 (weighted)
Maternal characteristicsWeighted%95% CIWeighted%95% CI
Mother96.896.2 to 97.296.996.3 to 97.5
Other caregiver3.22.8 to 3.83.12.5 to 3.7
Maternal age mean (range)25.9 (13 to 49)27.7 (15 to 46)
Married status*
 Single72.670.8 to 74.478.476.4 to 80.5
 Married/cohabiting27.125.3 to 28.820.218.2 to 22.2
 Widow/divorced0.20.1 to 0.30.80.5 to 12
 No information0.10.03 to 0.20.60.3 to 0.8
Education level*
 None2.01.3 to 2.02.62.0 to 3.2
 Grade 1–713.412.4 to 14.418.216.7 to 19.8
 Grade 8–1277.876.7 to 79.375.673.8 to 77.5
 Grade 12+6.55.7 to 7.32.72.1 to 3.4
 Missing0.40.3 to 0.60.80.5 to 1.1
SES*
 Average†70.568.5 to 72.664.361.6 to 67.0
 Lower14.512.7 to 16.223.120.5 to 25.7
 Lowest15.013.7 to 16.412.611.1 to 14.1
Parity*
 141.940.6 to 43.221.519.8 to 23.2
 228.627.5 to 29.836.634.7 to 38.5
 ≥326.825.6 to 28.039.537.7 to 41.3
 Missing2.62.2 to 3.02.41.9 to 2.8
Number of live children*
 145.143.7 to 46.427.225.4 to 28.9
 228.427.9 to 29.437.535.7 to 39.3
 ≥323.922.8 to 25.133.031.2 to 34.7
 Missing2.62.2 to 3.02.41.9 to 2.8
Planned pregnancy*
 Yes39.738.1 to 41.335.533.3 to 37.8
 No57.255.6 to 56.961.459.1 to 63.6
 Missing3.12.6 to 3.53.12.5 to 3.7
Number of ANC visits
 Had 1 ANC96.596.0 to 97.096.495.8 to 96.9
 Had <1 ANC3.53.2 to 4.03.63.1 to 4.2
Gestational age of first ANC visit (weeks)
 ≤1223.222.0 to 24.420.018.3 to 21.7
 13–1613.512.5 to 14.613.612.3 to 14.9
 17–2019.118.0 to 20.218.917.1 to 20.7
 21–2414.913.8 to 15.917.616.0 to 19.4
 25–289.38.3 to 10.29.38.1 to 10.5
 29–322.21.8 to 2.52.01.5 to 2.4
 33–360.60.4 to 0.80.70.4 to 1.0
 37+0.70.5 to 0.90.90.5 to 1.2
 Missing16.514.7 to 18.417.014.7 to 19.3
Infant characteristics
 Infant sex (male)51.250.0 to 52.449.147.1 to 51.1
Infant's birth weight*
 <2.5 kg11.410.4 to 12.413.412.1 to 14.7
 ≥2.5 kg88.687.6 to 89.686.685.3 to 87.9
  • *p<0.05 (Rao-Scott χ2 test) Nw=weighted population number.

  • †‘Average’ SES in this population would be low compared with SES of groups using private healthcare or living in ‘developed’ countries.

  • ANC, antenatal care; SES, socioeconomic status.