Handgrip strength levels | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
T1 (n=802) | T2 (n=815) | T3 (n=910) | p for trend | |
Number of subjects | ||||
Middle-aged men/women (40–64 years), n | 244/314 | 248/302 | 269/366 | |
Elderly men/women (≥65 years), n | 88/156 | 111/154 | 104/171 | |
Age, years | 62 (0.4) | 59 (0.4) | 56 (0.4) | <0.001 |
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 133 (0.7) | 134 (0.7) | 134 (0.7) | 0.71 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 77 (0.4) | 78 (0.4) | 79 (0.4) | 0.002 |
Antihypertensive agents, % | 14.6 | 14.7 | 16.8 | 0.34 |
Diabetes, % | 13.1 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 0.32 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.25 (0.04) | 5.38 (0.04) | 5.41 (0.04) | 0.003 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 22.2 (0.1) | 22.7 (0.1) | 23.6 (0.1) | <0.001 |
Electrocardiogram abnormalities, % | 20.2 | 15.2 | 15.4 | 0.02 |
Smoking status | ||||
Never smoker, % | 60.6 | 59.8 | 61.7 | |
Former smoker, % | 11.2 | 15.2 | 15.5 | |
Current smoker (<20 cigarettes/day), % | 15.2 | 14.7 | 13.2 | |
Current smoker (≥20 cigarettes/day), % | 13.1 | 10.4 | 9.5 | |
Alcohol intake | ||||
Never, % | 65.0 | 67.2 | 65.5 | |
Former, % | 3.7 | 2.9 | 2.7 | |
Current (ethanol <34 g/day), % | 19.3 | 19.6 | 20.8 | |
Current (ethanol ≥34 g/day), % | 12.1 | 10.3 | 10.9 | |
Leisure-time physical activity, METs hour/week | 3.1 (0.4) | 4.1 (0.4) | 5.8 (0.4) | <0.001 |
Age- and sex-adjusted mean (SE) or frequencies are shown.
BMI, body mass index; METs, metabolic equivalents.