Results from association testing of adverse childhood socioeconomic position (SEP)*and adulthood SEP† (sensitive period framework) with susceptibility to MS
| Childhood and adulthood SEP variables | Cases (%) | Controls (%) | Crude (unadjusted) | Conventional covariates (Model 1)‡ | Conventional Covariates, and other SEP variables (Model 2)§ | Conventional covariates, other SEP variables HLA-DRB1*15:01, and wGRS (Model 3) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | |||
| Childhood SEP | ||||||||||||||
| Parental home ownership at age 10 (0=own, 1=rent) | 18.5 | 13.1 | 1.50 | 1.14 to 2.00 | 0.0043 | 1.56 | 1.16 to 2.09 | 0.0029 | 1.47 | 1.10 to 1.98 | 0.0097 | 1.48 | 1.09 to 2.02 | 0.013 |
| Household education less than a college degree (0=≥bachelor degree; 1=< bachelor degree) | 62.9 | 56.2 | 1.32 | 1.08 to 1.62 | 0.0071 | 1.40 | 1.12 to 1.73 | 0.0025 | 1.28 | 1.02 to 1.61 | 0.032 | 1.28 | 1.01 to 1.63 | 0.041 |
| Household education (0=doctoral degree; 7=none) | 1.08 | 1.01 to 1.17 | 0.035 | 1.11 | 1.03 to 1.20 | 0.0097 | 1.07 | 0.98 to 1.16 | 0.11 | 1.06 | 0.97 to 1.16 | 0.21 | ||
| Adulthood SEP | ||||||||||||||
| Participant's education less than a college degree (0=≥bachelor degree; 1=< bachelor degree) | 55.4 | 46.6 | 1.42 | 1.14 to 1.77 | 0.0015 | 1.47 | 1.17 to 1.85 | 0.0011 | 1.32 | 1.03 to 1.69 | 0.027 | 1.30 | 1.00 to 1.69 | 0.048 |
| Participant's education (0=doctoral degree; 7=none) | 1.16 | 1.05 to 1.29 | 0.0036 | 1.20 | 1.07 to 1.34 | 0.0013 | 1.14 | 1.01 to 1.29 | 0.028 | 1.11 | 0.98 to 1.26 | 0.10 | ||
*Analyses were restricted to MS cases with age of onset ≥18 years.
†Analyses were restricted to MS cases with age of onset ≥28 years.
‡Conventional covariates including year of birth, gender, family history of MS, ever smoker and ever having infectious mononucleosis. Childhood SEP models were adjusted for body size at age 10. Adulthood SEP models were adjusted for body size at age 20.
§Models evaluating childhood SEP were adjusted for the continuous variable of participant's (adulthood) education and median household income of the census block. Models evaluating adulthood SEP were adjusted for the continuous variable of parental household (childhood) education and median household income of the census block.
MS, multiple sclerosis; wGRS, weighted genetic risk score.