Characteristics of 1103 patients residing in the greater Boston area admitted to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center with confirmed acute ischaemic stroke between 1 April 1999 and 31 December 2004
| Total | Distance of residence to nearest major roadway (m) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to ≤50 | >50 to ≤100 | >100 to ≤200 | >200 to ≤400 | >400 to ≤1000 | >1000 | ||
| (n=1103) | (n=38) | (n=44) | (n=68) | (n=152) | (n=259) | (n=542) | |
| Age (year, mean±SD) | 72.9±14.3 | 74.8±12.4 | 78.6±12.2 | 70.7±13.8 | 73.3±14.8 | 73.3±14.3 | 72.3±14.5 |
| Male, n (%) | 500 (45.3) | 20 (52.6) | 20 (45.5) | 32 (47.1) | 76 (50.0) | 111 (42.9) | 241 (44.5) |
| Race, n (%) | |||||||
| White | 696 (63.1) | 21 (55.3) | 27 (61.4) | 44 (64.7) | 92 (60.5) | 166 (64.1) | 346 (63.8) |
| Black | 107 (9.7) | 2 (5.3) | 3 (6.8) | 13 (19.1) | 22 (14.5) | 24 (9.3) | 43 (7.9) |
| Other | 300 (27.2) | 15 (39.5) | 14 (31.8) | 11 (16.2) | 38 (25.0) | 69 (26.6) | 153 (28.2) |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 161 (14.6) | 5 (13.2) | 1 (2.3) | 10 (14.7) | 20 (13.2) | 44 (17.0) | 81 (14.9) |
| Medical history, n (%) | |||||||
| Diabetes | 325 (29.5) | 7 (18.4) | 16 (36.4) | 25 (36.8) | 42 (27.6) | 65 (25.1) | 170 (31.4) |
| Hypertension | 768 (69.6) | 25 (65.8) | 26 (59.1) | 51 (75.0) | 117 (77.0) | 178 (68.7) | 371 (68.5) |
| Coronary artery disease | 292 (26.5) | 7 (18.4) | 9 (20.5) | 20 (29.4) | 44 (29.0) | 65 (25.1) | 147 (27.1) |
| Heart failure | 137 (12.4) | 6 (15.8) | 3 (6.8) | 6 (8.8) | 13 (8.6) | 30 (11.6) | 79 (14.6) |
| Medication use, n (%) | |||||||
| ACEI | 407 (36.9) | 14 (36.8) | 11 (25.0) | 25 (36.8) | 53 (34.9) | 105 (40.5) | 199 (36.7) |
| Aspirin | 466 (42.3) | 18 (47.4) | 18 (40.9) | 35 (51.5) | 62 (40.8) | 112 (43.2) | 221 (40.8) |
| Statins | 327 (29.7) | 10 (26.3) | 14 (31.8) | 24 (35.3) | 45 (29.6) | 68 (26.3) | 166 (30.6) |
| Census variables | |||||||
| Median household income, $1000, median (IQR) | 56.1 (33.3) | 61.1 (42.5) | 56.4 (37.3) | 52.8 (42.1) | 47.5 (37.2) | 49.9 (32.1) | 59.2 (27.8) |
| Percent of people ≥25 years of age without high school diploma (%, median (IQR)) | 10.5 (15.9) | 6.4 (11.7) | 5.8 (9.4) | 10.3 (19.0) | 14.8 (19.0) | 10.6 (16.1) | 10.5 (14.8) |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2, mean±SD) | 66.4±24.8 | 60.7±24.7 | 59.3±24.1 | 64.2±27.1 | 66.8±24.8 | 64.9±23.7 | 68.2±24.9 |
ACEI, ACE inhibitor; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.