Adjusted odds of experiencing ‘some or severe’ problems across EQ-5D dimensions
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |||||
| Anxiety/depression | Mobility | Pain | Self-care | Usual activities | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||
| 18.5 to <25 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| <18.5 | 1.25 (0.85 to 1.83) | 0.91 (0.52 to 1.60) | 1.15 (0.77 to 1.71) | 0.43 (0.13 to 1.47) | 1.61 (0.94 to 2.76) |
| 25 to <30 | 1.03 (0.92 to 1.16) | 1.18 (1.02 to 1.38) | 1.19 (1.08 to 1.33)* | 0.89 (0.69 to 1.14) | 1.08 (0.93 to 1.25) |
| 30 to <40 | 1.06 (0.93 to 1.21) | 2.00 (1.71 to 2.34)** | 1.67 (1.48 to 1.89)** | 1.27 (0.99 to 1.63) | 1.48 (1.27 to 1.74)** |
| 40+ | 1.59 (1.18 to 2.13)* | 5.31 (3.91 to 7.22)** | 2.58 (2.03 to 3.29)** | 2.69 (1.76 to 4.12)** | 2.14 (1.56 to 2.92)** |
| Missing | 1.17 (1.01 to 1.36) | 2.52 (2.12 to 2.99)** | 1.57 (1.37 to 1.81)** | 2.43 (1.89 to 3.13)** | 2.05 (1.74 to 2.42)** |
| Alcohol consumption | |||||
| Never-drinker | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| ≤4/day (men) or ≤3/day (women) | 0.85 (0.75 to 0.96) | 0.87 (0.76 to 1.00) | 0.91 (0.81 to 1.02) | 0.86 (0.70 to 1.06) | 0.79 (0.69 to 0.91)* |
| >4 and ≤8(men) or >3 and ≤6(women) | 0.91 (0.78 to 1.06) | 0.76 (0.64 to 0.91)* | 0.89 (0.79 to 1.02) | 0.59 (0.43 to 0.80)** | 0.65 (0.54 to 0.77)** |
| >8/day (men) or >6/day (women) | 0.93 (0.80 to 1.07) | 0.88 (0.73 to 1.06) | 0.92 (0.80 to 1.05) | 0.73 (0.54 to 1.00) | 0.71 (0.59 to 0.85)* |
| Ex-drinker | 1.60 (1.31 to 1.96)** | 1.49 (1.19 to 1.86)** | 1.21 (1.01 to 1.46) | 1.47 (1.10 to 1.96)* | 1.31 (1.05 to 1.64) |
| Missing | 0.84 (0.44 to 1.60) | 0.67 (0.24 to 1.86) | 1.21 (0.70 to 2.09) | 0.83 (0.17 to 4.17) | 0.39 (0.15 to 0.99) |
| Smoking | |||||
| Never-smoker | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Light <10/day | 1.44 (1.20 to 1.73)** | 1.55 (1.21 to 1.98)** | 1.49 (1.25 to 1.77)** | 0.92 (0.60 to 1.41) | 1.39 (1.09 to 1.76) |
| Moderate 10–<20/day | 1.55 (1.31 to 1.83)** | 1.69 (1.38 to 2.07)** | 1.34 (1.15 to 1.55)** | 1.30 (0.95 to 1.77) | 1.46 (1.19 to 1.78)** |
| Heavy 20+/day | 1.82 (1.48 to 2.24)** | 1.87 (1.49 to 2.34)** | 1.54 (1.29 to 1.85)** | 1.94 (1.40 to 2.69)** | 1.76 (1.41 to 2.20)** |
| Ex-smoker | 1.18 (1.06 to 1.33)* | 1.40 (1.23 to 1.58)** | 1.28 (1.16 to 1.40)** | 1.37 (1.13 to 1.66)* | 1.37 (1.21 to 1.55)** |
| Missing | 1.60 (0.75 to 3.45) | 2.30 (0.92 to 5.76) | 0.98 (0.44 to 2.18) | 1.02 (0.16 to 6.58) | 0.95 (0.37 to 2.41) |
| Fruit and vegetable intake | |||||
| 5 or more portions/day | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 3 to <5 portions/day | 0.99 (0.87 to 1.11) | 0.88 (0.77 to 1.02) | 0.88 (0.80 to 0.98) | 0.84 (0.68 to 1.05) | 0.89 (0.78 to 1.02) |
| 1 to <3 potions/day | 1.02 (0.90 to 1.17) | 0.91 (0.79 to 1.05) | 0.91 (0.82 to 1.01) | 0.74 (0.58 to 0.93) | 0.94 (0.81 to 1.09) |
| <1 portions/day | 1.17 (0.97 to 1.40) | 1.03 (0.83 to 1.28) | 1.01 (0.85 to 1.20) | 0.98 (0.73 to 1.33) | 1.01 (0.81 to 1.26) |
| Physical activity | |||||
| 5 moderate 30 min episodes a week | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| 3 vigorous 30 min and 5 moderate 30 min a week | 1.15 (0.93 to 1.42) | 0.81 (0.55 to 1.19) | 0.86 (0.71 to 1.05) | 0.93 (0.32 to 2.67) | 0.66 (0.45 to 0.98) |
| 3 vigorous 30 min episodes a week | 1.09 (0.75 to 1.58) | 0.56 (0.26 to 1.20) | 0.64 (0.44 to 0.94) | 1.88 (0.51 to 6.89) | 0.78 (0.39 to 1.56) |
| Active but not meeting recommended levels | 1.27 (1.12 to 1.44)** | 1.69 (1.43 to 1.99)** | 1.12 (1.01 to 1.25) | 1.85 (1.25 to 2.73)* | 1.62 (1.37 to 1.92)** |
| Inactive | 2.01 (1.75 to 2.30)** | 5.53 (4.70 to 6.50)** | 2.08 (1.85 to 2.35)** | 11.62 (8.08 to 16.73)** | 5.81 (4.89 to 6.90)** |
| Missing | 1.32 (0.59 to 2.96) | 1.47 (0.57 to 3.78) | 0.79 (0.39 to 1.57) | (omitted) | 1.14 (0.41 to 3.22) |
Fully adjusted for age, sex, ethnic origin, marital status, social class, educational attainment and equivalised income.
*Significant p<0.05 after Bonferroni adjustment (adjusted α 0.05/12).
**Significant p<0.001 after Bonferroni adjustment (adjusted α 0.001/12).