Received no home visit (N=89, 26%) | Received home-visit service for newborn* only (N=65, 19%) | Received home-visit project for all infants† only (N=149, 43%) | Received both home-visit projects‡ (N=44, 13%) | p Value | |||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
Maternal characteristics | |||||||||
Mother's age (years) | |||||||||
<24 | 7 | 7.9 | 6 | 9.2 | 7 | 4.7 | 3 | 6.8 | 0.016 |
25–29 | 29 | 32.6 | 30 | 46.2 | 32 | 21.5 | 14 | 31.8 | |
30–34 | 36 | 40.5 | 21 | 32.3 | 78 | 52.4 | 17 | 38.6 | |
35+ | 16 | 18.0 | 6 | 9.2 | 32 | 21.5 | 10 | 22.7 | |
Missing | 1 | 1.1 | 2 | 3.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Working status before or during pregnancy | |||||||||
House wife | 37 | 41.6 | 26 | 40.0 | 58 | 38.9 | 13 | 29.6 | 0.73 |
Part-time working | 16 | 18.0 | 13 | 20.0 | 30 | 20.1 | 13 | 29.6 | |
Full-time working | 35 | 39.3 | 22 | 33.9 | 61 | 40.9 | 18 | 40.9 | |
Missing | 1 | 1.1 | 4 | 6.2 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Current working status | |||||||||
Working | 2 | 2.3 | 1 | 1.5 | 5 | 3.4 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.59 |
Not working | 87 | 97.8 | 64 | 98.5 | 144 | 96.6 | 44 | 100.0 | |
Child's characteristics | |||||||||
Sex | |||||||||
Girl | 49 | 55.1 | 25 | 38.5 | 64 | 43.0 | 19 | 43.2 | 0.17 |
Boy | 40 | 44.9 | 40 | 61.5 | 85 | 57.0 | 25 | 56.8 | |
Infant's age at first survey (week) | |||||||||
<4 | 12 | 13.5 | 8 | 12.3 | 28 | 18.8 | 9 | 20.5 | 0.27 |
4 to <8 | 53 | 59.6 | 44 | 67.7 | 100 | 67.1 | 27 | 61.4 | |
8+ | 24 | 27.0 | 13 | 20.0 | 21 | 14.1 | 8 | 18.2 | |
Infant's age at second survey (week) | |||||||||
<16 | 26 | 29.2 | 15 | 23.1 | 29 | 19.5 | 6 | 13.6 | 0.12 |
16 to <20 | 56 | 62.9 | 44 | 67.7 | 96 | 64.4 | 32 | 72.7 | |
20+ | 5 | 5.6 | 6 | 9.2 | 24 | 16.1 | 6 | 13.6 | |
Missing | 2 | 2.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Preterm birth | |||||||||
<37 | 1 | 1.1 | 1 | 1.5 | 5 | 3.7 | 2 | 4.6 | 0.56 |
37+ | 88 | 98.9 | 64 | 98.5 | 144 | 96.6 | 42 | 95.5 | |
Low birth weight | |||||||||
<2500 | 7 | 7.9 | 4 | 6.2 | 11 | 7.4 | 6 | 13.6 | 0.52 |
2500+ | 82 | 92.1 | 61 | 93.9 | 138 | 92.6 | 38 | 86.4 | |
Family characteristics | |||||||||
Number of children | |||||||||
1 | 43 | 48.3 | 37 | 56.9 | 55 | 36.9 | 27 | 61.4 | 0.031 |
2 | 33 | 37.1 | 21 | 32.3 | 69 | 46.3 | 13 | 29.6 | |
3+ | 12 | 13.5 | 5 | 7.7 | 25 | 16.8 | 4 | 9.1 | |
Missing | 1 | 1.1 | 2 | 3.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Type of house | |||||||||
Detached house | 37 | 41.6 | 26 | 40 | 86 | 57.7 | 18 | 40.9 | 0.026 |
Apartment/condominium building | 51 | 57.3 | 37 | 56.9 | 62 | 41.6 | 26 | 59.1 | |
Missing | 1 | 1.1 | 2 | 3.1 | 1 | 0.7 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Location | |||||||||
I city | 56 | 62.9 | 51 | 78.5 | 63 | 42.3 | 11 | 25.0 | <0.001 |
K city | 33 | 37.1 | 14 | 21.5 | 86 | 57.7 | 33 | 75.0 | |
Length of living in the current city (year) | |||||||||
<10 | 63 | 70.8 | 46 | 70.8 | 97 | 65.1 | 32 | 72.3 | 0.75 |
10 to <20 | 6 | 6.7 | 2 | 3.1 | 10 | 6.7 | 3 | 6.8 | |
20+ | 18 | 20.2 | 15 | 23.1 | 42 | 28.2 | 9 | 20.5 | |
Missing | 2 | 2.3 | 2 | 3.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
Living with grandmother, grandfather or relatives | |||||||||
Yes | 15 | 16.9 | 11 | 16.9 | 30 | 20.1 | 10 | 22.7 | 0.81 |
No | 74 | 83.1 | 54 | 83.1 | 119 | 79.9 | 34 | 77.3 | |
Subjective economic status | |||||||||
Stable | 18 | 20.2 | 14 | 21.5 | 49 | 32.9 | 14 | 31.8 | 0.17 |
Fairly stable | 51 | 57.3 | 36 | 55.4 | 67 | 45 | 20 | 45.5 | |
Barely maintaining | 15 | 16.9 | 6 | 9.2 | 22 | 14.8 | 9 | 20.5 | |
Struggling | 4 | 4.5 | 7 | 10.8 | 11 | 7.4 | 1 | 2.3 | |
Missing | 1 | 1.1 | 2 | 3.1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 |
Values in bold are significant (p) at the 0.05 level.
↵* Home-visit service for newborns targets mothers in need of help at 1–2 months of age, visited by public health nurses or midwives.
↵† Home-visit project for all infants targets all infants until 4 month of age, visited by trained community staff.
↵‡ Mothers who received both home-visit service for newborns and home-visit project for all infants.