Rate ratios comparing national suicide rates between Scotland and England: models adjusted for one explanatory variable and fully adjusted multilevel Poisson regression models
| Variable | All suicides, rate ratio (95% CI) | All male suicides, rate ratio (95% CI) | All female suicides, rate ratio (95% CI) |
| Country rate ratio in the absence of any explanatory variable | |||
| Country (reference = England) | 1.79 (1.62 to 1.98) | 1.82 (1.64 to 2.03) | 1.70 (1.50 to 1.94) |
| Country rate ratio with one explanatory variable | |||
| Socioeconomic deprivation | |||
| Carstairs deprivation scores | 1.63 (1.46 to 1.81) | 1.65 (1.47 to 1.85) | 1.58 (1.38 to 1.80) |
| Vacant household space | 1.70 (1.55 to 1.86) | 1.73 (1.57 to 1.90) | 1.63 (1.44 to 1.85) |
| Social fragmentation | |||
| Lone parent households | 1.75 (1.58 to 1.93) | 1.77 (1.59 to 1.97) | 1.67 (1.47 to 1.91) |
| One-person households | 1.68 (1.53 to 1.84) | 1.71 (1.55 to 1.90) | 1.59 (1.44 to 1.77) |
| Alcohol | |||
| Liver cirrhosis deaths | 1.69 (1.53 to 1.85) | 1.70 (1.54 to 1.87) | 1.63 (1.44 to 1.86) |
| Hospital inpatient discharge with an alcohol-related main diagnosis | 1.52 (1.37 to 1.68) | 1.51 (1.36 to 1.68) | 1.53 (1.33 to 1.76) |
| Drugs | |||
| Drug-related deaths | 1.66 (1.51 to 1.82) | 1.68 (1.52 to 1.86) | 1.57 (1.39 to 1.78) |
| Mental ill health | |||
| Psychotropic drug prescription | 1.46 (1.32 to 1.61) | 1.42 (1.29 to 1.57) | 1.53 (1.32 to 1.77) |
| Other | |||
| Number of patients per general practitioner | 1.62 (1.43 to 1.83) | 1.62 (1.43 to 1.85) | 1.61 (1.38 to 1.89) |
| Limiting long-term illness | 1.63 (1.49 to 1.79) | 1.65 (1.50 to 1.81) | 1.59 (1.39 to 1.81) |
| Population density | 1.87 (1.68 to 2.07) | 1.89 (1.69 to 2.12) | 1.78 (1.58 to 2.02) |
| Non-white population | 1.83 (1.65 to 2.03) | 1.85 (1.66 to 2.07) | 1.75 (1.53 to 1.99) |
| Country rate ratio adjusted for all explanatory variables | |||
| Rate ratio for Scotland with all explanatory variables included | 1.34 (1.20 to 1.49) | 1.31 (1.17 to 1.46) | 1.40 (1.20 to 1.63) |