Occurrence of persistent abnormal conduct score by child and family characteristics
| N (%) persistent abnormal conduct score | N (%) inconsistent abnormal conduct score | N (%) never having abnormal conduct scores | Unadjusted ORs and CI | Adjusted ORs and CI | |||
| Inconsistent versus never | Persistent versus never | Inconsistent versus never | Persistent versus never | ||||
| Sex of child | |||||||
| Male | 48 (5) | 236 (24) | 769 (71) | ||||
| Female | 31 (4) | 198 (21) | 788 (75) | 0.82 (0.65 to 1.03) | 0.67 (0.43 to 1.04) | 0.89 (0.68 to 1.14) | 0.77 (0.44 to 1.35) |
| Ethnicity of respondent | |||||||
| White | 78 (4) | 420 (22) | 1514 (73) | ||||
| Other ethnicity | 1 (2) | 13 (24) | 42 (74) | 1.05 (0.49 to 2.25) | 0.43 (0.06 to 2.99) | Dropped | Dropped |
| Maternal age at child's birth | |||||||
| 25 years or older | 49 (3) | 317 (20) | 1291 (77) | ||||
| Younger than 25 years | 26 (7) | 114 (31) | 247 (62) | 1.91 (1.52 to 2.41) | 2.6 (1.57 to 4.29) | 1.38 (1.05 to 1.83) | 1.38 (0.76 to 2.5) |
| No. of children in household | |||||||
| One | 20 (4) | 123 (20) | 521 (76) | ||||
| Two | 41 (5) | 205 (23) | 715 (72) | 1.19 (0.91 to 1.56) | 1.4 (0.78 to 2.51) | 1.42 (1.08 to 1.87) | 1.47 (0.74 to 2.93) |
| Three or more | 18 (5) | 106 (25) | 321 (71) | 1.3 (0.92 to 1.82) | 1.37 (0.76 to 2.48) | 1.3 (0.87 to 1.92) | 0.90 (0.41 to 2.01) |
| No. of natural parents in household | |||||||
| Two | 43 (3) | 302 (34) | 1319 (78) | ||||
| One or none | 36 (9) | 132 (19) | 238 (58) | 2.44 (1.89 to 3.15) | 4.25 (2.81 to 6.42) | 1.68 (1.13 to 2.51) | 1.82 (1.12 to 2.94) |
| Household income (quintiles) | |||||||
| Other (≥£8410) | 46 (3) | 303 (20) | 1262 (77) | ||||
| Bottom (<£8410) | 25 (9) | 94 (35) | 154 (56) | 2.37 (1.78 to 3.16) | 3.98 (2.37 to 6.68) | 1.34 (0.77 to 2.34) | 4.33 (1.72 to 10.9) |
| Child's general health | |||||||
| Very good or good | 65 (4) | 400 (22) | 1502 (75) | ||||
| Fair, bad or very bad | 14 (15) | 34 (35) | 55 (50) | 2.44 (1.59 to 3.75) | 6.04 (3.13 to 11.67) | 1.75 (1.1 to 2.78) | 2.41 (0.9 to 6.42) |
| Low birth weight | |||||||
| No | 68 (4) | 403 (22) | 1467 (74) | ||||
| Yes | 9 (8) | 28 (25) | 86 (67) | 1.21 (0.79 to 1.87) | 2.21 (1.09 to 4.47) | 1.1 (0.67 to 1.78) | 1.28 (0.56 to 2.94) |
| No. of missed developmental milestones | |||||||
| None or one | 14 (3) | 122 (21) | 464 (76) | ||||
| Two or more | 38 (5) | 192 (26) | 598 (69) | 1.35 (0.97 to 1.87) | 2.23 (1.16 to 4.28) | 1.18 (0.83 to 1.67) | 1.78 (0.81 to 3.94) |
| Information missing | 27 (5) | 120 (20) | 495 (75) | 0.95 (0.7 to 1.29) | 1.97 (0.96 to 4.05) | 0.86 (0.6 to 1.23) | 1.39 (0.6 to 3.2) |
| Child had some difficulty being understood | |||||||
| No | 41 (3) | 263 (19) | 1141 (77) | ||||
| Yes | 38 (6) | 171 (29) | 416 (64) | 1.85 (1.45 to 2.34) | 2.36 (1.47 to 3.79) | 1.61 (1.24 to 2.08) | 1.73 (0.92 to 3.25) |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy | |||||||
| No | 34 (3) | 288 (20) | 1233 (78) | ||||
| Yes | 40 (9) | 136 (30) | 293 (61) | 1.94 (1.54 to 2.45) | 4.28 (2.63 to 6.95) | 1.52 (1.08 to 2.15) | 5.02 (2.6 to 9.71) |
| Agree that smacking is sometimes the only thing that will work | |||||||
| No | 35 (3) | 231 (20) | 941 (77) | ||||
| Yes | 44 (6) | 203 (26) | 616 (68) | 1.42 (1.12 to 1.79) | 2.03 (1.22 to 3.37) | 1.28 (1.00 to 1.64) | 1.81 (0.98 to 3.31) |
| Frequency child taken to visit other people with children | |||||||
| Fortnightly or more often | 52 (4) | 318 (21) | 1250 (75) | ||||
| Less often or never | 27 (7) | 115 (28) | 305 (65) | 1.54 (1.23 to 1.93) | 2.3 (1.36 to 3.88) | 1.41 (1.09 to 1.81) | 2.09 (1.13 to 3.85) |
| Frequency child is read to | |||||||
| Daily | 52 (3) | 318 (21) | 1250 (76) | ||||
| Less often | 27 (9) | 115 (31) | 305 (60) | 1.87 (1.35 to 2.59) | 3.43 (2.1 to 5.58) | 1.34 (0.94 to 1.92) | 1.74 (0.86 to 3.54) |
| Maternal smoking during pregnancy × household income | – | – | – | – | – | 0.87 (0.4 to 1.87) | 0.21 (0.06 to 0.76) |
Unless otherwise stated, all items were measured at the first contact when the cohort child was aged around 34 months. N is the unweighted base. The percentages represent the weighted figures. Figures in bold represent p<0.05.