Table 3

Mortality ratios of all-cause mortality for income quintiles adjusted for age, education, socioeconomic status, economic activity and living alone in 1988–1991, 1996–1999 and 2004–2007, men aged 35–64 years

	Income quintile	Model 1: age + income	95% CI	Model 2: M1 + EDU + SES	Model 3: M2 + ECON	Model 4: M3+ ALONE	95% CI	Change in excess mortality from M1 to M4, % ^*
1. Period 1988–1991	1. Quintile (high)	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00
	2. Quintile	1.28	1.22 to 1.35	1.15	1.00	1.04	0.99 to 1.10	−85
	3. Quintile	1.51	1.43 to 1.58	1.32	0.99	1.05	0.99 to 1.10	−91
	4. Quintile	1.88	1.79 to 1.97	1.64	1.06	1.11	1.05 to 1.17	−87
	5. Quintile (low)	2.80	2.68 to 2.93	2.48	1.40	1.32	1.26 to 1.40	−82
2. Period 1996–1999	1. Quintile (high)	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00
	2. Quintile	1.34	1.26 to 1.41	1.15	0.97	1.02	0.97 to 1.08	−93
	3. Quintile	1.68	1.59 to 1.77	1.39	0.99	1.05	0.99 to 1.12	−92
	4. Quintile	2.17	2.06 to 2.28	1.77	1.12	1.15	1.09 to 1.22	−87
	5. Quintile (low)	3.73	3.55 to 3.91	3.15	1.70	1.51	1.43 to 1.60	−81
3. Period 2004–2007	1. Quintile (high)	1.00		1.00	1.00	1.00
	2. Quintile	1.32	1.24 to 1.40	1.16	1.03	1.07	1.01 to 1.14	−78
	3. Quintile	1.83	1.73 to 1.94	1.56	1.15	1.22	1.15 to 1.29	−74
	4. Quintile	2.47	2.34 to 2.61	2.08	1.26	1.29	1.22 to 1.37	−80
	5. Quintile (low)	5.16	4.91 to 5.41	4.36	2.02	1.73	1.63 to 1.83	−82

↵* Change in excess mortality is calculated as follows: ((RR in M4 − RR in M1))/((RR in M1) − 1)×100.
ALONE, living alone; ECON, economic activity; EDU, education; SES: occupational social class.