Mediating factors according to occupational groups
Percentage | Men | Women | ||||||||||
Professionals, managers | Technicians, associate professionals | Clerical support workers | Service, sales workers | Manual workers | p Value | Professionals, managers | Technicians, associate professionals | Clerical support workers | Service, sales workers | Manual workers | p Value | |
Material factors | ||||||||||||
Tenant (household tenure) | 25.25 | 28.29 | 28.92 | 36.82 | 35.22 | **** | 27.83 | 28.42 | 30.44 | 38.02 | 34.93 | **** |
High level of housing problems | 7.24 | 9.36 | 10.10 | 13.79 | 18.78 | **** | 10.78 | 10.59 | 10.33 | 14.31 | 20.73 | **** |
Overcrowding | 33.39 | 39.13 | 34.32 | 51.02 | 53.61 | **** | 38.02 | 39.91 | 41.76 | 42.64 | 56.90 | **** |
High material deprivation | 2.08 | 3.08 | 1.29 | 5.78 | 14.55 | **** | 5.28 | 3.53 | 4.77 | 7.37 | 17.54 | **** |
Financial problems | 15.52 | 17.91 | 12.76 | 25.95 | 33.38 | **** | 22.95 | 21.20 | 21.34 | 27.60 | 39.45 | **** |
High level of neighbourhood problems | 22.11 | 22.36 | 22.56 | 22.30 | 18.98 | * | 28.04 | 26.31 | 22.24 | 20.62 | 23.17 | **** |
Low quality of public services | 20.36 | 22.11 | 19.71 | 23.17 | 26.89 | ** | 21.62 | 21.84 | 21.73 | 18.81 | 27.12 | **** |
Low access to medical services | 12.09 | 15.27 | 17.26 | 20.08 | 21.26 | **** | 18.93 | 18.97 | 17.58 | 15.10 | 25.18 | **** |
Occupational factors | ||||||||||||
Economic sectors | **** | **** | ||||||||||
Fishing/agriculture | 2.89 | 2.03 | 0.85 | 2.48 | 12.49 | 2.08 | 1.64 | 1.88 | 0.26 | 7.42 | ||
Industry | 12.16 | 18.36 | 18.64 | 10.19 | 34.99 | 6.07 | 6.03 | 14.17 | 3.59 | 32.55 | ||
Construction | 10.10 | 10.89 | 4.80 | 4.97 | 22.08 | 1.91 | 1.58 | 4.76 | 0.51 | 1.95 | ||
Service | 74.85 | 68.72 | 75.71 | 82.36 | 30.44 | 89.95 | 90.74 | 79.18 | 95.64 | 58.08 | ||
Temporary contract | 14.98 | 11.16 | 15.97 | 25.98 | 27.06 | **** | 13.24 | 16.79 | 17.12 | 25.22 | 27.04 | **** |
More than 48h per week | 32.53 | 32.98 | 10.42 | 23.39 | 21.38 | **** | 17.81 | 14.39 | 4.22 | 9.10 | 12.42 | **** |
Daily commuting time ≥ 60 min | 25.75 | 23.89 | 28.72 | 23.85 | 26.86 | NS | 26.51 | 24.25 | 27.82 | 20.61 | 22.50 | *** |
Dangerous working conditions | 22.22 | 29.66 | 14.89 | 47.40 | 57.31 | **** | 18.47 | 19.25 | 12.33 | 28.88 | 35.81 | **** |
High job insecurity | 9.14 | 8.65 | 8.14 | 13.80 | 18.48 | **** | 10.28 | 11.49 | 11.89 | 11.89 | 21.05 | **** |
High psychological demands | 53.94 | 52.45 | 44.67 | 44.77 | 45.08 | **** | 49.85 | 48.16 | 38.32 | 35.20 | 38.76 | **** |
Low decision latitude | 25.88 | 28.65 | 48.14 | 54.70 | 62.49 | **** | 27.49 | 32.69 | 49.70 | 47.45 | 69.12 | **** |
Low reward | 21.84 | 31.09 | 32.27 | 48.86 | 57.71 | **** | 38.40 | 43.52 | 44.84 | 60.31 | 69.40 | **** |
Responsibility for supervising others | 61.11 | 61.82 | 34.32 | 25.87 | 21.99 | **** | 46.03 | 40.75 | 20.55 | 20.62 | 12.04 | **** |
Additional paid job | 12.61 | 7.95 | 6.90 | 7.42 | 6.60 | **** | 9.08 | 8.6 | 6.34 | 6.87 | 4.29 | **** |
Psychosocial factors | ||||||||||||
Separated or widowed | 10.15 | 8.38 | 7.16 | 7.87 | 9.06 | **** | 18.48 | 17.91 | 17.04 | 20.40 | 18.87 | NS |
At least one child | 67.84 | 69.13 | 54.79 | 65.35 | 65.07 | **** | 70.40 | 71.14 | 70.87 | 76.24 | 76.81 | **** |
High unpaid work | 20.23 | 20.32 | 22.44 | 21.22 | 18.10 | * | 44.74 | 45.31 | 43.95 | 47.52 | 46.75 | ** |
Work–life imbalance | 18.84 | 20.69 | 12.78 | 20.80 | 23.11 | **** | 25.42 | 23.47 | 17.66 | 21.44 | 27.69 | **** |
Low social support | 11.07 | 11.41 | 8.70 | 13.38 | 16.04 | **** | 9.77 | 10.03 | 8.04 | 11.90 | 17.44 | **** |
Low social network | 26.35 | 25.04 | 27.05 | 25.58 | 29.87 | * | 22.51 | 21.08 | 21.71 | 19.09 | 25.00 | *** |
No social participation | 43.54 | 51.68 | 52.94 | 59.37 | 60.73 | **** | 45.37 | 46.42 | 57.21 | 57.09 | 60.76 | **** |
Not confident (trust level) | 22.32 | 23.98 | 19.29 | 31.23 | 33.45 | **** | 22.65 | 24.92 | 24.92 | 27.36 | 33.25 | **** |
Social exclusion | 12.52 | 17.31 | 18.80 | 23.99 | 31.37 | **** | 13.41 | 17.12 | 21.23 | 22.72 | 31.11 | **** |
χ2 test: *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001; ****p<0.0001.
χ2 test was performed on variables as described in table 2.