Table 4

Adjusted* estimates of height change (cm) for a unit change in factors associated with childhood circumstances among Thais

	Women			Men
Factor	Estimate cm	95% CI	p Value	Estimate cm	95% CI	p Value
Per decade increase in birth year	0.67	0.58 to 0.76	<0.0001	0.58	0.49 to 0.67	<0.0001
Mother's education
None	Reference			Reference
Primary	0.54	0.33 to 0.75	<0.0001	0.26	0.03 to 0.49	0.03
Secondary	0.74	0.46 to 1.02	<0.0001	0.63	0.29 to 0.96	0.0002
Tertiary	1.10	0.73 to 1.46	<0.0001	0.98	0.53 to 1.42	<0.0001
Father's education
None	Reference			Reference
Primary	0.41	0.14 to 0.68	0.003	0.50	0.20 to 0.79	0.003
Secondary	0.55	0.26 to 0.84	0.0002	0.96	0.64 to 1.29	<0.0001
Tertiary	0.65	0.29 to 1.01	0.0004	1.43	1.02 to 1.84	<0.0001
Birth size as recalled by relatives^†
Small or underweight	Reference			Reference
Normal	1.71	1.57 to 1.85	<0.0001	1.89	1.71 to 2.07	<0.0001
Large or overweight	2.80	2.60 to 3.00	<0.0001	3.30	3.04 to 3.57	<0.0001
Breast fed^‡
No	Reference			Reference
Yes	0.30	0.10 to 0.51	0.004	0.27	0.007 to 0.55	0.06
No of siblings
0	Reference			Reference
1	−0.08	−0.37 to 0.20	0.55	−0.36	−0.74 to 0.03	0.07
2	−0.27	−0.56 to 0.02	0.07	−0.48	−0.87 to −0.09	0.01
3	−0.39	−0.70 to −0.09	0.01	−0.75	−1.16 to −0.34	0.0003
4	−0.70	−1.03 to −0.37	<0.0001	−0.84	−1.26 to −0.41	0.0001
5+	−0.63	−0.95 to −0.31	<0.0001	−1.19	−1.60 to −0.78	<0.0001
Birth order
First born	Reference			Reference
Later born	0.37	0.24 to 0.49	<0.0001	0.31	0.16 to 0.46	<0.0001
Area of residence when aged 10–12 years
Urban	Reference			Reference
Rural	−0.73	−0.88 to −0.59	<0.0001	−1.11	−1.29 to −0.94	<0.0001
Assets in the home when aged 10–12 years
0–1	Reference			Reference
2–4	0.16	−0.02 to 0.34	0.08	0.50	0.32 to 0.68	0.16
5–6	0.61	0.43 to 0.81	<0.0001	1.19	0.98 to 1.39	<0.0001
>6	1.40	1.16 to 1.64	<0.0001	1.95	1.67 to 2.24	<0.0001

↵* Each factor adjusted for all others listed in the table apart from birth size recalled by relatives.
↵† Estimates calculated using data from those who reported birth size (∼75% of cohort), adjusted for all listed factors.
↵‡ When birth size is added to the model the effect of breast feeding is negligible (0.05 cm, 95% CI −0.18 to 0.27 for women and −0.01 cm, 95% CI −0.33 to 0.31 for men).